Angular is a TypeScript-based framework for building web applications, developed and maintained by Google. It is widely used for creating dynamic, single-page web applications (SPAs) and enterprise-scale applications.
Key Features of Angular
Component-Based Architecture:
Applications are divided into components, making them modular, reusable, and easier to maintain.
Two-Way Data Binding:
Synchronizes data between the model and the view, ensuring the UI is always in sync with the data.
Dependency Injection:
A built-in feature to manage services and inject them into components efficiently.
Directives:
Extend HTML with custom behavior using structural (*ngIf, *ngFor) and attribute directives.
RxJS for Reactive Programming:
Built-in support for reactive streams to handle asynchronous operations using observables.
Routing:
Angular Router enables navigation between views and lazy loading of modules for performance optimization.
TypeScript Support:
Angular is written in TypeScript, providing strong typing, modern JavaScript features, and better IDE support.
Forms:
Provides Template-driven and Reactive forms for handling user inputs and validations.
Ahead-of-Time (AOT) Compilation:
Angular compiles HTML and TypeScript into JavaScript at build time, resulting in faster runtime performance.
Testing Support:
Angular provides built-in tools for unit testing (Karma) and end-to-end testing (Protractor).
Angular Lifecycle Hooks
ngOnInit: Invoked once after the component's first initialization.
ngOnChanges: Invoked whenever input properties change.
ngDoCheck: Used for custom change detection logic.
ngAfterContentInit and ngAfterContentChecked: Called after content projection.
ngAfterViewInit and ngAfterViewChecked: Called after the view is initialized.
ngOnDestroy: Called before the component is destroyed (for cleanup).
Common Angular Interview Questions
- What is Angular? A framework for building dynamic, client-side web applications with TypeScript support and modular architecture.
- What is the difference between AngularJS and Angular? Feature AngularJS Angular Language JavaScript TypeScript Architecture MVC Component-Based Performance Slower Faster (due to AOT, Ivy) Dependency Dynamic injection Hierarchical injection system
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