In a microservice architecture using Spring Boot, inter-service communication is typically achieved through RESTful APIs. Here's how:
Let's illustrate with two microservices: UserService and OrderService.
- Define APIs: Each microservice exposes APIs to perform various operations.
- Call APIs from other services: Microservices interact by making HTTP requests to endpoints exposed by other services.
- Service Discovery (optional): Service discovery tools like Eureka or Consul can be used to dynamically locate and call other services.
Example:
UserService defines APIs to manage users:
@RestController
public class UserController {
@Autowired
private UserRepository userRepository;
@GetMapping("/users/{userId}")
public ResponseEntity getUser(@PathVariable("userId") Long userId) {
User user = userRepository.findById(userId).orElse(null);
return ResponseEntity.ok(user);
}
@PostMapping("/users")
public ResponseEntity createUser(@RequestBody User user) {
User savedUser = userRepository.save(user);
return ResponseEntity.status(HttpStatus.CREATED).body(savedUser);
}
// Other CRUD endpoints...
}
OrderService consumes UserService's API to retrieve user data:
@Service
public class OrderService {
@Autowired
private RestTemplate restTemplate;
public User getUser(Long userId) {
ResponseEntity response = restTemplate.exchange(
"http://userServiceHost/users/{userId}",
HttpMethod.GET,
null,
User.class,
userId
);
return response.getBody();
}
// Other methods...
}
This setup enables decoupled communication between microservices, promoting scalability and flexibility.
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