The view of IoT has always been observed as a keyframe in smart cities. The conceptualization of a Smart City may differ from city to city and country to country relying on the level of development.
Smart City is an urban area that utilizes data and Communication Technologies (ICT) to simplify the livelihood of its people. It is a municipality that utilizes ICT to increase operational efficiency, share data with the public and boost both the quality of government services and citizen welfare. But, going ahead, let us understand the concept of smart cities quickly.
Use cases of IoT in Smart Cities
Smart Traffic Management
Developed countries and smart cities are already utilizing IoT and to their benefit to reduce concerns related to traffic. Smart cities assure that their citizens travel as safely and effectively as feasible without a waste of time and fuel and, to attain this, they turn to execute smart traffic solutions.
These traffic solutions utilize various types of sensors to discover the location, speed and other related data about the vehicles.
The working of the entire system is as follows: the road-surface sensor and CCTV cameras share real-time traffic updates to a concerned central traffic management platform.
This platform then monitors the data by utilizing machine learning and provides updates to the user about congestion and other related data. In addition to that, these platforms also monitor the historical data by utilizing machine learning to forecast the hurry hours well in advance. These systems also support regulating traffic lights by responding to changing traffic conditions in real-time.
Street Lighting
The most current evolution in solid-state lighting depends on LED technology speed up the phase-out of inefficient lighting systems and unexpectedly accelerates the transition to smart lighting that takes benefit of the IoT technology to assist manage infrastructure for sustainable smart cities.
IoT (https://www.hiotron.com/) based smart cities make the maintenance and control of street lamps cost-efficient. They attain this by providing the streetlights with sensors and connecting them to a cloud management system.
The sensors support to accumulate related data on radiance, movement of people, vehicles and public transport schedule and so on. The real-time data then integrated with historical data is provided to the machine learning algorithms which assist to monitor various situations and the amount of light needed in each case.
As an outcome, the smart lighting solution directs the streetlight to brighten, dim, turn off, or one based on the physical environmental conditions thereby increasing the overall lighting schedules. Smart street lighting systems also offer intelligent interfaces to interact within a social environment and user contexts, which is the core theory of IoT.
Public Safety Management
It is one of the major lookouts for urban cities and for increasing security in these cities, the utilization of IoT based technologies that provide real-time analyzing, analytics and decision- making tools is generated.
This system working as per the following: these devices accumulate data from acoustic sensors and CCTV cameras utilized throughout the city and integrate this data to see potential crime scenes and positioned public safety solutions, if needed, rapidly. Hence these systems enable the security personnel to stop potential culprits or successfully track them.
And as IoT systems are incorporated into public safety systems, IoT’s contribution to safety will enlarge via to prevention and reduction of emergencies. Smoke or fire in an airport building, for example, could be exactly located based on data from IoT sensors, activating automated emergency calls and informing citizens on their smartphones and digital displays within the building.
Smart Parking Systems
IoT positioned at the core of vehicle tracking platforms and integrated with ML, it can execute more improved operations. Smart parking systems are utilized to search vacant locations for a vehicle at various public places.
The IoT-device, containing sensors and microcontrollers, is positioned in each parking place. The user gets a live update about the availability of all parking places and selects the best one. Smart parking’s In-Ground vehicle detection sensor is the technology that takes part in the smart parking systems.
Wireless tools such as sensors are implanted into the pavement of separate parking spaces and these sensors gather data related to the timing and duration of the space utilized by vehicles.
This data is then moved to the cloud gateways where it is refined and finally provided to drivers with clear, understandable insights.
Additionally, the peak hours can also be recognized in advance with the support of machine learning algorithms that generate predictions by monitoring the past trends or by the historical data integrated with real-time data. It also assists to minimize unnecessary congestion, minimize vehicle emissions, reserve fuel and time of people and reduced enforcement costs.
Water Management Systems
The primary goal of smart water management is practicable and sustainable utilization of water resources. Smart meters and analyzing hubs enable real-time water utilization measuring, help rectify overly excessive usage and waste points and accurate utilization patterns and make projections for future consumption.
These meters enable water utility industries to track water consumption and then monitor the average water utilization per household, industry, etc. with machine learning and also compare it with their present usage. These meters can also analyze water pressure, temperature and quality and also help to improve them if required.
Additionally, these meters also can recognize potential leaks well in advance by analyzing the underground pipelines and interpreting the data thereby assisting to prevent significant water damages.
From the above use cases that we have explored in this article and the present situation of IoT in the world, we can simply say that we are going to view many more smart cities in the near future due to the advantages they provide.
Applying a various range of IoT and ML not only make city management much simpler and effective but also help to enhance the quality of life of its inhabitants.
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