Kubernetes Fundamentals

Kubernetes is an open-source container orchestration system for automating software deployment, scaling, and management.

Containers
Containers are lightweight, standalone, and executable packages that include everything needed to run a piece of software, including the code, runtime, system tools, and libraries.

Orchestration
Kubernetes provides orchestration for containers, automating the deployment, scaling, and management of containerized applications.

Pods
The smallest deployable unit in Kubernetes, pods can contain one or more containers that share the same network and storage.

Nodes
These are the individual machines (physical or virtual) in a Kubernetes cluster where containers are deployed.

Cluster
A cluster is a set of nodes that run containerized applications, managed by Kubernetes.

Services
Kubernetes Services provide a stable endpoint for connecting to a group of pods, enabling load balancing and discovery.

ReplicationControllers
ReplicaSets: These ensure that a specified number of pod replicas are running at all times.

Deployment
Deployments allow you to describe an application's life cycle, including its details, desired state, and updates.

Namespaces
Namespaces provide a way to divide cluster resources into multiple isolated virtual clusters within the same physical cluster.

ConfigMapsandhashtag
Secrets:
These are used to manage configuration data and sensitive information securely.

Kubelet
The Kubernetes agent running on each node, responsible for ensuring containers are running in a Pod.

MasterNode
The control plane of the Kubernetes cluster, including components like the API server, scheduler, and controller manager.

ETCD
A distributed key-value store used to store cluster data, ensuring consistency.

Ingress
Ingress controllers and resources manage external access to services within the cluster.

Labels & Selectors
Labels are key-value pairs used to organize and select subsets of objects in the cluster.

Helm
A package manager for Kubernetes that simplifies the deployment of applications.

PV (Persistent Volumes)
PVC(Persistent Volume Claims):
These are used to manage and provision storage in a cluster.

RBAC (Role-Based Access Control)
Defines what actions users or components can perform within the cluster.

Kubectl
The command-line tool for interacting with Kubernetes clusters.