This tutorial helps you understand and get acquainted with everything you need to know about Microservices. As you go further, you will gain complete knowledge regarding the architecture, features, applications, certifications, and the job structure of microservices in the market.
With a steady increase in the market size for the Microservices since 2016 in the US, many large players are migrating to it. This popularity is mainly because; the enterprises are looking forward to becoming more agile and adopt DevOps with continuous testing capabilities.
It is important for a tech-savvy engineer to understand the concept of Microservices and its bigger picture in the market. So, let's get started.
What is Microservices?
Microservices is a method of software development which packages an application as a set of loosely-coupled services with light-weight protocols for communication. Basically, it is a set of services that work independently to contribute to a user-defined task. Here, each business task is handled by a service that works independently with a dedicated server.
It borrows its architectural style from the Service-Oriented Architecture.
Note: Service-Oriented Architecture is a design of software development where services are provided by the application components to other components through network protocols.
Microservices are also popularly known as Microservice Architecture. Every service in the application is an independent, self-contained service and they implement single business capability.
Why Microservice?
The old monolithic architecture of applications was one of the reasons for the development of microservice architecture.
Before understanding the reasons to adopt Microservices, let us understand the structure of Monolithic architecture and the flaws that compelled us to design a new architecture.
Architecture of Microservices
After understanding the need of Microservices, let us understand the architecture that constitutes Microservices
In Microservice architecture, each service is self-contained and implements a small business capability.
Services constitute the main component of the microservice architecture.
Some of the characteristics of services are:
Services in the microservice architecture are autonomous, small, and loosely-coupled.
Each service can be independently developed by a separate development team, with a unique choice of the programming language that suits the service best, without having to depend on the technical specifications of other services.
All services are separated based on their domains and functionalities, where each of them is allocated with a separate microservice.
Each of these microservices has its own load balancer and execution environment, where they execute and manage their own data.
Each microservice communicates with the other through the stateless server, which is either the Message bus or the REST API.
Benefits of Microservices
Below are some of the benefits of using Microservices:
Independent deployments:
You can update and test a service independently and release it, without redeploying the whole application. Roll-back and roll forward of the updates can be easily attained if anything goes wrong during the deployment. In total, bug fixes and feature releases are less risky and more sustainable.
Independent Development:
The development of each service can be carried out independently by each development team. Teams are not obligated to work on the same technology for all the services, as it happens in monolithic. Different technology can be chosen for different services, based on necessity and demands. This also contributes to faster innovation and easier application.
Focused teams:
Since each team can be focused on one service, the code base will be less complex, more robust, and very crisp. The smaller scope radius, adds these advantages.
Fault Isolation:
If there is any defect with any component, the whole system need not be brought down. It can be independently addressed and fixed.
Granular Scaling: The services can be scaled separately, independent of the system scaling.
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