Advanced Selenium C# Guide: Leveraging Custom Waits and Dynamic Element Handling

In today’s fast-paced software development, delivering quality applications requires strong testing tools. Selenium is a widely used tool for automating web applications and ensuring they work well. While basic Selenium tasks are helpful, more complex tests need advanced techniques, especially with C#.

This blog will explore important advanced topics in Selenium with C#. We’ll cover handling dynamic elements, creating custom waits, running tests in parallel, and cross-browser testing. We’ll also look at optimizing test performance and integrating Selenium with CI/CD pipelines. These advanced methods will help improve your test efficiency and software quality.

Handling Dynamic Elements in Selenium C

Handling dynamic elements in Selenium C# is an essential skill for automating modern web applications, as many websites today include dynamic content that loads or changes after the page initially renders. Dynamic elements can be tricky to automate because they might not be available immediately or their properties (like ID or class) can change frequently. To ensure that your automation tests remain stable and reliable, you need to use specific strategies and tools to interact with these elements effectively.

Identifying Dynamic Elements

Dynamic elements on a webpage can appear due to JavaScript actions that occur at various times or in response to user actions, such as clicking a button or scrolling. For instance, a section of the page might only become visible after you scroll or click. The challenge is that the specifics of these elements, such as their ID, name, or XPath, can change every time the page loads, making it difficult for Selenium to locate and interact with them.

Strategies for Handling Dynamic Elements

Here are some methods to manage and interact with dynamic elements using Selenium C#:

1️⃣Using Explicit Waits
Explicit waits are crucial when dealing with dynamic elements. Instead of using implicit waits (which pause for a fixed time), explicit waits pause execution until a specific condition is met. This condition could be the element’s presence, visibility, or clickability.

For Click Action

Usage of Click method

2️⃣Locating Elements with Dynamic Selectors

You can create more flexible XPaths that rely on partial matching, like using contains() or starts-with() functions.
Example of dynamic Xpath using ‘contains’

Example Code
Here’s how you can handle dynamic web elements in Selenium C# using an explicit wait and dynamic XPath:

Usage of Dynamic locator

3️⃣Handling AJAX Elements

AJAX-driven content loads asynchronously, meaning that the page does not reload, but the element may appear later. Using explicit waits or polling mechanisms ensures that the element has fully loaded before interacting with it.

4️⃣Retry Mechanism

Sometimes, despite using waits, a dynamic element may still fail to load due to network latency or other issues. A retry mechanism can help by attempting the interaction a few times before marking the test as failed.

5️⃣JavaScript Executor

In some cases, Selenium might not be able to interact with the dynamic element directly, especially if it’s not yet visible on the UI. You can use JavaScript to interact with such elements.

Custom Waits and Conditions

What Are Custom Waits?
Custom waits are explicitly written methods that go beyond predefined waits like implicitWait or WebDriverWait. They are designed to handle more specific scenarios where default waits might not suffice. With custom waits, you can wait for conditions such as elements being visible, clickable, having specific attributes, or any other requirement based on your testing needs.

Why Do You Need Custom Waits?
While implicit waits and explicit waits in Selenium cover a lot of ground, there are scenarios where they might not be enough:

Dynamic web elements that appear or change state during test execution.
Performance variations where load time changes based on server speed or internet connectivity.
Conditional checks that require more than just visibility or clickability of an element.
In such cases, custom waits allow more granular control over how and when elements are interacted with in your automation test suite.

Implementing Custom Waits in Selenium C#
Let’s see how you can make a special wait to deal with a particular situation in your Selenium tests.

Example: Waiting for Text to Show Up in an Element
Suppose you have an app where the text inside an element changes due to user actions or API responses. A regular wait might not work because the element is already in the page, but the text might not have changed yet. Here’s how you can make a special wait for this situation:

In this example:

locator: Finds the element on the webpage.
expectedText: The text you want to see in the element.
timeoutInSeconds: The longest time you’re willing to wait for the text to appear.
This wait checks the text inside the specified element and waits until the expected text appears or the timeout is reached. This method is more reliable than regular waits because it waits for specific content inside the element

Click on this link to read more about it:
[https://jignect.tech/advanced-selenium-c-guide-leveraging-custom-waits-and-dynamic-element-handling/]