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Joel Murphy
Joel Murphy

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Extending LVM partition in Linux?

I'm trying to extend the disk space on the root partition of my ubuntu VM from 1.5TB to 3.4TB. I thought this would be an easy task but I'm having a hard time figuring out how to do this on an OS level. The console outputs below explain my current setup (nothing fancy, just one partition with a large amount of storage):


root@ubuntu-samba:/home/joel# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 3.4 TiB, 3758096384000 bytes, 7340032000 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0xbad8753d

Device     Boot   Start        End    Sectors  Size Id Type
/dev/sda1  *       2048     999423     997376  487M 83 Linux
/dev/sda2       1001470 3147825151 3146823682  1.5T  5 Extended
/dev/sda5       1001472 3147825151 3146823680  1.5T 8e Linux LVM

Partition 2 does not start on physical sector boundary.


Disk /dev/mapper/ubuntu--samba--vg-root: 1.5 TiB, 1606879805440 bytes, 3138437120 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes


Disk /dev/mapper/ubuntu--samba--vg-swap_1: 4 GiB, 4290772992 bytes, 8380416 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes

root@ubuntu-samba:/home/joel# vgdisplay
  --- Volume group ---
  VG Name               ubuntu-samba-vg
  System ID             
  Format                lvm2
  Metadata Areas        1
  Metadata Sequence No  10
  VG Access             read/write
  VG Status             resizable
  MAX LV                0
  Cur LV                2
  Open LV               2
  Max PV                0
  Cur PV                1
  Act PV                1
  VG Size               1.47 TiB
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              384133
  Alloc PE / Size       384133 / 1.47 TiB
  Free  PE / Size       0 / 0   
  VG UUID               RZUZwh-xTB4-Dh90-vrYA-Ej1e-kUiM-az4y2k

root@ubuntu-samba:/home/joel# lvs
  LV     VG              Attr       LSize Pool Origin Data%  Meta%  Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
  root   ubuntu-samba-vg -wi-ao---- 1.46t                                                    
  swap_1 ubuntu-samba-vg -wi-ao---- 4.00g     

root@ubuntu-samba:/home/joel# vgs
  VG              #PV #LV #SN Attr   VSize VFree
  ubuntu-samba-vg   1   2   0 wz--n- 1.47t    0 

root@ubuntu-samba:/home/joel# pvs
  PV         VG              Fmt  Attr PSize PFree
  /dev/sda5  ubuntu-samba-vg lvm2 a--  1.47t    0 

root@ubuntu-samba:/home/joel# df -h
Filesystem                          Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
udev                                2.0G     0  2.0G   0% /dev
tmpfs                               395M   11M  385M   3% /run
/dev/mapper/ubuntu--samba--vg-root  1.5T  1.4T   55G  97% /
tmpfs                               2.0G     0  2.0G   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                               5.0M     0  5.0M   0% /run/lock
tmpfs                               2.0G     0  2.0G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1                           472M  310M  138M  70% /boot
tmpfs                               395M     0  395M   0% /run/user/1000

Question:
How do I extend the physical volume '/dev/sda5' to use 100% of '/dev/sda's storage (3.4TB)?

I've done a lot of playing around but getting nowhere.
A lot of online tutorials claim it's as simple as extending the logical volume, but that's not working for me as the additional storage isn't detected.

lvextend -L +100%FREE /dev/mapper/ubuntu--samba--vg-root
 New size (383110 extents) matches existing size (383110 extents)

Any pointers would be greatly appreciated as I've wasted days on this and am desperate for additional storage :(

Top comments (3)

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cdemont007 profile image
Christophe Demont

A full detailed steps to resize a /var partition with LVM and VMware vdisk

1) Shutdown VM and delete snapshots
2) Extend the virtual disk to the desired size
3) Reboot the VM
4) Resize /sda2 extended partition
5) Resize /sda5 (virtual) LVM accordingly
6) Use LVM tools to resize the desired logical volume (ex /var)


BEFORE RESIZE OF VDISK

root@lnxvoicalendar01:~# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 40 GiB, 42949672960 bytes, 83886080 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0xd52d11a4

Device     Boot  Start      End  Sectors  Size Id Type
/dev/sda1  *      2048   499711   497664  243M 83 Linux
/dev/sda2       501758 83884031 83382274 39.8G  5 Extended
/dev/sda5       501760 83884031 83382272 39.8G 8e Linux LVM


Disk /dev/mapper/uctoolbox--vg-root: 7.8 GiB, 8308916224 bytes, 16228352 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes


Disk /dev/mapper/uctoolbox--vg-swap_1: 1020 MiB, 1069547520 bytes, 2088960 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes


Disk /dev/mapper/uctoolbox--vg-tmp: 576 MiB, 603979776 bytes, 1179648 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes


Disk /dev/mapper/uctoolbox--vg-home: 4.7 GiB, 4999610368 bytes, 9764864 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes


Disk /dev/mapper/uctoolbox--vg-var: 25.8 GiB, 27707572224 bytes, 54116352 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes


AFTER RESIZE OF VDISK and reboot

root@uctoolbox:~# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 80 GiB, 85899345920 bytes, 167772160 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0xd52d11a4

Device     Boot  Start      End  Sectors  Size Id Type
/dev/sda1  *      2048   499711   497664  243M 83 Linux
/dev/sda2       501758 83884031 83382274 39.8G  5 Extended
/dev/sda5       501760 83884031 83382272 39.8G 8e Linux LVM




Disk /dev/mapper/uctoolbox--vg-root: 7.8 GiB, 8308916224 bytes, 16228352 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes


Disk /dev/mapper/uctoolbox--vg-swap_1: 1020 MiB, 1069547520 bytes, 2088960 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes


Disk /dev/mapper/uctoolbox--vg-tmp: 576 MiB, 603979776 bytes, 1179648 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes


Disk /dev/mapper/uctoolbox--vg-home: 4.7 GiB, 4999610368 bytes, 9764864 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes


Disk /dev/mapper/uctoolbox--vg-var: 25.8 GiB, 27707572224 bytes, 54116352 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Need to resize the filesystem to extend /var

apt-get install parted

parted /dev/sda
(parted) print free

Model: VMware, VMware Virtual S (scsi)
Disk /dev/sda: 85.9GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: msdos
Disk Flags:

Number Start End Size Type File system Flags
32.3kB 1049kB 1016kB Free Space
1 1049kB 256MB 255MB primary ext2 boot
256MB 257MB 1048kB Free Space
2 257MB 42.9GB 42.7GB extended
5 257MB 42.9GB 42.7GB logical lvm
42.9GB 85.9GB 43.0GB Free Space

(parted) resizepart 2

End? [42.9GB]? 80GB

(parted)

(parted) print free

Model: VMware, VMware Virtual S (scsi)
Disk /dev/sda: 85.9GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: msdos
Disk Flags:

Number Start End Size Type File system Flags
32.3kB 1049kB 1016kB Free Space
1 1049kB 256MB 255MB primary ext2 boot
256MB 257MB 1048kB Free Space
2 257MB 80.0GB 79.7GB extended
5 257MB 42.9GB 42.7GB logical lvm
42.9GB 80.0GB 37.1GB Free Space
80.0GB 85.9GB 5899MB Free Space

(parted) resizepart 5
End? [42.9GB]? 80GB

(parted)

(parted) print free

Model: VMware, VMware Virtual S (scsi)
Disk /dev/sda: 85.9GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: msdos
Disk Flags:

Number Start End Size Type File system Flags
32.3kB 1049kB 1016kB Free Space
1 1049kB 256MB 255MB primary ext2 boot
256MB 257MB 1048kB Free Space
2 257MB 80.0GB 79.7GB extended
5 257MB 80.0GB 79.7GB logical lvm
80.0GB 85.9GB 5899MB Free Space
quit

pvresize /dev/sda5
Physical volume "/dev/sda5" changed
1 physical volume(s) resized / 0 physical volume(s) not resized

then use 'lvdisplay' to get the LV path

lvdisplay
--- Logical volume ---
LV Path /dev/uctoolbox-vg/root
LV Name root
VG Name uctoolbox-vg
LV UUID THOVSb-Zh9S-wGCc-dWwf-Onl1-tbSo-UxCHTo
LV Write Access read/write
LV Creation host, time uctoolbox-dev, 2019-04-06 20:29:13 +0200
LV Status available
# open 1
LV Size 7.74 GiB
Current LE 1981
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto

  • currently set to 256 Block device 254:0

--- Logical volume ---
LV Path /dev/uctoolbox-vg/swap_1
LV Name swap_1
VG Name uctoolbox-vg
LV UUID 19bh25-4Egk-Xeij-k95D-LJkw-sO6w-ebl4R3
LV Write Access read/write
LV Creation host, time uctoolbox-dev, 2019-04-06 20:29:14 +0200
LV Status available
# open 2
LV Size 1020.00 MiB
Current LE 255
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto

  • currently set to 256 Block device 254:1

--- Logical volume ---
LV Path /dev/uctoolbox-vg/tmp
LV Name tmp
VG Name uctoolbox-vg
LV UUID hF1NTE-9YBh-VTZo-mMcT-Zfpd-WZ4O-WBl070
LV Write Access read/write
LV Creation host, time uctoolbox-dev, 2019-04-06 20:29:14 +0200
LV Status available
# open 1
LV Size 576.00 MiB
Current LE 144
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto

  • currently set to 256 Block device 254:2

--- Logical volume ---
LV Path /dev/uctoolbox-vg/home
LV Name home
VG Name uctoolbox-vg
LV UUID EDngfk-tjZ0-FHwZ-kPtN-hHDH-VaYQ-yN5wvv
LV Write Access read/write
LV Creation host, time uctoolbox-dev, 2019-04-06 20:42:16 +0200
LV Status available
# open 1
LV Size 4.66 GiB
Current LE 1192
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto

  • currently set to 256 Block device 254:3

--- Logical volume ---
LV Path /dev/uctoolbox-vg/var
LV Name var
VG Name uctoolbox-vg
LV UUID 44f7qf-VlUF-7U7Z-VZA9-l9ht-XwsD-pCYQfy
LV Write Access read/write
LV Creation host, time uctoolbox-dev, 2019-04-06 20:42:42 +0200
LV Status available
# open 1
LV Size 25.80 GiB
Current LE 6606
Segments 2
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto

  • currently set to 256 Block device 254:4

lvextend -L+34G /dev/uctoolbox-vg/var
Size of logical volume uctoolbox-vg/var changed from 25.80 GiB (6606 extents) to 59.80 GiB (15310 extents).
Logical volume uctoolbox-vg/var successfully resized.

resize2fs -p /dev/uctoolbox-vg/var
resize2fs 1.43.4 (31-Jan-2017)
Filesystem at /dev/uctoolbox-vg/var is mounted on /var; on-line resizing required
old_desc_blocks = 4, new_desc_blocks = 8
The filesystem on /dev/uctoolbox-vg/var is now 15677440 (4k) blocks long.

AFTER ALL OPERATIONS:

root@uctoolbox:~# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 80 GiB, 85899345920 bytes, 167772160 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0xd52d11a4

Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type
/dev/sda1 * 2048 499711 497664 243M 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 501758 156250000 155748243 74.3G 5 Extended
/dev/sda5 501760 156250000 155748241 74.3G 8e Linux LVM

Disk /dev/mapper/uctoolbox--vg-root: 7.8 GiB, 8308916224 bytes, 16228352 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk /dev/mapper/uctoolbox--vg-swap_1: 1020 MiB, 1069547520 bytes, 2088960 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk /dev/mapper/uctoolbox--vg-tmp: 576 MiB, 603979776 bytes, 1179648 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk /dev/mapper/uctoolbox--vg-home: 4.7 GiB, 4999610368 bytes, 9764864 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk /dev/mapper/uctoolbox--vg-var: 59.8 GiB, 64214794240 bytes, 125419520 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

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zoliton profile image
zoliton

The lvextend is not applicable as the volume group first has to be resized.

1) Resize the partition /dev/sda2 in fdisk to the maximum cylinders/sectors available.
2) Then resize /dev/sda5 accordingly.
3) Then this command should do the trick: pvresize /dev/sda5
Check with command "vgs" the status of the volume group afterwards.

Alternatively create /dev/sda6 in fdisk to take up the rest of the device, also of type "Linux LVM". Then add the new physical volume: pvcreate /dev/sda6
Again: Check with "vgs" the status of the volume group afterwards.

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kip13 profile image
kip

Did you create the /dev/sda5 partition ?