I spent too many hours trying to mock correctly the JavaScript's Date object. I tried a few things I've found on Google... without success. I finally ended up with a kinda handcrafted solution.
Every time we mock, we diverge from the real world scenario.
For this reason, I tend not to mock... but sometimes, there are not many choices. Fortunately, Date is one good exception!
Everybody on the same timezone!
To prevent problems related to timezones (e.g. date formating), you can set node timezone in jest config file. Now you are sure all tests are executed on the same timezone no matter where your colleagues or your CI server are.
// jest.config.js
process.env.TZ = 'GMT';
module.exports = {
// ...
}
See also: the full list of timezones (column TZ database name)
Mock Date.now
Let's say I want to test a dashboard component which tells me "hello" with the date of the day. The lazy way is to only test the Hello part (without the date). Because it changes every day. But you won't test the date formatting part.
If you want to, you gonna have to mock Date.now()
and put a default one.
// your-test.spec.js
const RealDate = Date.now
beforeAll(() => {
global.Date.now = jest.fn(() => new Date('2019-04-07T10:20:30Z').getTime())
})
afterAll(() => {
global.Date.now = RealDate
})
Now in the same file, you can add something like the following:
it('should show a formatted date of today', async () => {
const dashboard = await Mount(<Dashboard />)
expect(dashboard).toHaveText('Hi Max, today is 7 April 2019')
})
💡RealDate
store "real" Date instance, so we can put it back afterwards.
Using Moment.js?
You are probably using the very popular moment.js library. If so, mocking Date.now
, will probably not be enough.
A workaround is to mock the entire node module.
// <root>/__mocks__/moment.js
const moment = jest.requireActual('moment');
Date.now = () => new Date('2019-04-07T10:20:30Z').getTime();
module.exports = moment;
With this solution, you don't need beforeAll()
/afterAll()
listener. This mock will be effective for all tests.
And, every time moment()
is called, return date will be the same 🎉
The very first thing I recommend you to do is to set a default Timezone.
// jest.config.js
process.env.TZ = 'GMT';
module.exports = {
// ...
}
Mock Date object
// your-test.spec.js
const RealDate = Date;
beforeEach(() => {
global.Date.now = jest.fn(() => new Date('2019-04-22T10:20:30Z').getTime());
});
afterEach(() => {
global.Date = RealDate;
});
Using Moment?
If you're using the popular moment.js library, mocking Date.now
, will probably not be enough. If you check the moment's code source, you will see that
you have to mock JavaScript Date object through a different way.
// <root>/__mocks__/moment.js
const moment = jest.requireActual('moment');
Date.now = () => new Date('2019-04-22T10:20:30Z').getTime();
module.exports = moment;
Thank you for taking the time to read this post. I hope you found it useful! If you liked it, please give it a ❤️ or a 🦄! Also, feel free to comment or ask questions in the section below or on Twitter @_maxpou :)
Originally published on maxpou.fr.
Top comments (11)
Thanks for sharing this--very helpful.
The approach described here worked well for me, but then I stumbled onto another option that uses Jest's own API (I don't believe was available when this post was originally written). You can now do something like this:
Unfortunately
jest.useFakeTimers
seems to not work well with native Promises, which means you can't use it in anasync
call.github.com/facebook/jest/issues/10221
Thank you for this!
Thanks! That's true, it was added last may with Jest 26 :)
jestjs.io/blog/2020/05/05/jest-26
setSystemTime is giving error- setSystemTime does not exist on jest
I just want to point out that both
Date
andRealDate
reference the same object, so when you replace the functionDate.now
, it's also changingRealDate.now
and yourglobal.Date = RealDate
at the end is not doing what you think it's doing.What you should do if you want to keep and reassign the original
now
function is keep a reference to that function:Very helpful!
🙊Oh! You're completely right! Thank you so much, I will update my post!!! :)
(sorry for the late answer, I didn't saw the notification...)
Great! Just what I was looking for!
Thanks for the
process.env.TZ = 'GMT'
tip 🙏🏽Great job!
Thank you a lot, it really helped.