Typography in Angular Material 18

Angular Material 18 Project

We will simply use the project from my earlier article Angular Material Theming with CSS Variables. You can clone it from GitHub.

The typography-hierarchy mixin

typography-hierarchy mixin includes CSS classes for styling your application. These CSS classes correspond to the typography levels in your typography config. This mixin also emits styles for native header elements scoped within the .mat-typography CSS class.

Let's include it in src/styles.scss:

:root {
  @include mat.all-component-themes($angular-material-theming-css-vars-theme);

  @include mat.typography-hierarchy($angular-material-theming-css-vars-theme); // 👈 Added

  @include mat.system-level-colors($angular-material-theming-css-vars-theme);
  @include mat.system-level-typography($angular-material-theming-css-vars-theme);
}

Now if you add header elements, like <h1>, you will notice that it has a set of styling applied it to it. Earlier, <h1> did not have any custom styling. Try to comment out typography-hierarchy to see the difference.

Generated CSS Classes

The typography-hierarchy generates a set of CSS classes based on type scale levels. A type scale is a selection of font styles that can be used across an app.

There are large, medium, and small variations for Display, Headline, Title, Body and Label. You can read more about it here.

The table below lists the CSS classes emitted and the native elements styled:

Reading typescale properties

There are 2 ways to read:

1. Through get-theme-typography SCSS function - You can read more about it here
2. Through CSS Variables

Let's see how we can use CSS variables to read typescale properties.

Through CSS Variables

If you take a look at devtools in browser, you will notice many CSS variables for typography. And it may become difficult to explore around so many variables and find the correct one.

To get the needed CSS variable, you can keep 3 things in mind and it will help you get the correct CSS variable:

1. Pre-typescale levels
   1. display
   2. headline
   3. title
   4. body
   5. label
2. Variations
   1. large
   2. medium
   3. small
3. Properties
   1. font (The CSS font shorthand, includes all font properties except letter-spacing) - No token
   2. font-family - font
   3. font-size - size
   4. font-weight - weight
   5. line-height - line-height
   6. letter-spacing - tracking

Now, just use below format to get the correct CSS variable:

.some-class {
    some-property: var(--sys-<pre_typescale_level>-<variation>-<property_token>);
}

So, for example, to get font of display-large, you would write CSS like below:

.display-large-clone {
    font: var(--sys-display-large);

    /* As --sys-display-large-font does not include letter-spacing, make sure to include that, too */
    letter-spacing: var(--sys-display-large-tracking);
}

One more example, to get font-weight of <h6>, you will write CSS like below:

.h6-font-weight {
    font-weight: var(--sys-headline-small-weight)
}

Modifying typescale properties

To modify any of typescale properties, simply override it's CSS variables value.

So, for example, to change font-size and line-height of <h1>, you can write below CSS

:root {
    --sys-display-large-size: 128px;
    --sys-display-large-line-height: 1.25;

    /* <h1> (and display-large) uses --sys-display-large, hence we also need to update that variable to see the changes */
    --sys-display-large: 400 var(--sys-display-large-size) / var(--sys-display-large-line-height) Roboto, sans-serif
}

Let's create an input through which user can change the font-sizes of button labels and headings.

<mat-form-field>
  <mat-label>Flat Button Font Size</mat-label>
  <input
    type="number"
    matInput
    [defaultValue]="14"
    (change)="changeFlatButtonFontSize($event)"
  />
</mat-form-field>
<mat-form-field>
  <mat-label>Heading Font Size</mat-label>
  <input
    type="number"
    matInput
    [defaultValue]="'56.992'"
    (change)="changeHeadingFontSize($event)"
  />
</mat-form-field>

changeFlatButtonFontSize(ev: Event) {
  const size = (ev.target as HTMLInputElement).value ?? '14';

  const targetElement = document.documentElement;
  targetElement.style.setProperty('--sys-label-large-size', size + 'px');
}

changeHeadingFontSize(ev: Event) {
  const size = (ev.target as HTMLInputElement).value ?? '56.992';

  const targetElement = document.documentElement;
  targetElement.style.setProperty('--sys-display-large-size', size + 'px');

  // setting the line-height relationally
  targetElement.style.setProperty('--sys-display-large-line-height', '1.25');

  // <h1> (and display-large) uses --sys-display-large, hence we also need to update that variable to see the changes
  targetElement.style.setProperty(
    '--sys-display-large',
    '400 var(--sys-display-large-size) / var(--sys-display-large-line-height) Roboto, sans-serif'
  );
}

Once you make above changes, the output will look like below:

00:31

Changing typescale with CSS Variables in Angular Material Demo

Dharmen Shah ・

Live Playground