When talking about Frontend Frameworks, React and Angular tops the list as the two most popular technologies.
In the current world of web development, deciding on a technology/framework to build with can be an hassle, this is because, the number of frameworks, tools and technologies keeps on rapidly increasing.
Thinking of a Frontend technology to use for your next project or to learn for web development? Do not freight, in this article, I will explain what each framework is, highlighting the significant features, their benefits and limitations.
What is React? React is a Javascript library for building user interfaces. It makes use of the component based approach, which ensures to help build reusable UI components.
Key Features and Benefits of React
It makes use of a single-direction data flow model. That is, a one-way data flow from parent to child components. The child components are typically designed to be more modular and can be reused across different parts of an application, enhancing code maintainability and reducing redundancy.
Makes use of Javascript ES6 and JSX. JSX which means Javascript xml, allows us write Javascript inside of Html. However, to ensure type safety, React can also be extended to use Typescript. Typescript provides a strong static typing system that allows developers to define and enforce types for variables, props, states, and function parameters within their React components and applications.
Uses a virtual DOM - a lightweight representation of the real DOM. React is able to produce high-performance interfaces with the help of the virtual DOM.
For state management, it features React Context, but requires external libraries like Redux or MobX for complex state management.
What is Angular?
Also a JavaScript framework, simply put, it is an open-source JavaScript framework built on top of TypeScript.
Key Features and benefits of Angular
It uses structured MVC (Model-View-Controller). Angular as a framework enforces a structured MVC architecture for clear separation of concerns.
Angular makes use of a two-way data binding system. It utilises a two-way data binding system between the model and the view.
Angular supports TypeScript natively, but can also work with JavaScript
Built-in state management. This ensures predictability and consistency throughout the application.
Major differences between Angular and React JS
Angular is an open-source structural framework developed by Google used to build dynamic web apps, while ReactJS is an open-source library, developed by Facebook, that allows us build UI components.
React JS is a JavaScript-based library, whereas Angular is a TypeScript-based web application framework.
Angular Utilises a two-way data binding system between the model and the view while React employs a one-way data flow from parent to child components.
By providing a structured approach to handling complex application state, Angular’s built-in state management supports scalability and maintainability . As the application grows, developers can rely on Angular’s patterns to manage state without introducing spaghetti code or ad-hoc solutions. On the other hand, React does not come with a built-in state management solution like Angular's services and RxJS observables. Instead, React encourages developers to choose from a variety of state management libraries and patterns based on the specific needs of their application.
React ships high-performance interfaces using the virtual DOM, while with Angular, High performance can get slower than React as the number of data bindings increase.
In conclusion, it’s no doubt that Angular and React are two powerful front-end frameworks, each with it’s own distinct strengths suited to different development contexts. Angular portrays a comprehensive, opinionated approach, offering built-in solutions for routing, state management, and testing that streamline development but may require developers to adhere to its conventions. In contrast, React emphasises flexibility and a vast ecosystem of libraries, allowing developers to tailor solutions to specific project needs while promoting modular, component-based architecture. The decision as to whether to choose React or Angular depends ultimately on project requirements, team expertise, and the desired balance between structure and flexibility in modern web development.
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