In this blog, I will answer some basic questions about NFS and explain how to setup NFS server-client.
What is NFS ?
Network File System(NFS) is a distributed file system protocol, to share the files and folders between the Linux/Unix systems.
Why is it used ?
To share files. Since mounting of filesystem is possible,
NFS-Client can access the files of NFS-Server as like the local files.
How to setup NFS ?
Since it's like a client-server model, we need to setup server and client individually.
Setup NFS-server
In this post, we are doing it in Centos, which uses yum as the package manager.
1.Installing nfs-utils
sudo su -
yum install nfs-utils
2.Choose the directory to share. If not present create one.
mkdir /var/nfs_share_dir
3.Add permissions and ownwership privilages to the shared directory.
chmod -R 755 /var/nfs_share_dir
chown nfsnobody:nfsnobody /var/nfs_share_dir
4.Start the nfs services.
systemctl enable rpcbind
systemctl enable nfs-server
systemctl enable nfs-lock
systemctl enable nfs-idmap
systemctl start rpcbind
systemctl start nfs-server
systemctl start nfs-lock
systemctl start nfs-idmap
5.Configuring the exports file for sharing.
Open the exports file and add these lines.
vi /etc/exports
Fill in the the file-shared path and clients details in /etc/exports.
192.168.48.101 - Client's IP
/var/nfs_share_dir 192.168.48.101(rw,sync,no_root_squash)
6.Restart the service
systemctl restart nfs-server
7.Only for Centos 7,NFS service override
firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-service=nfs
firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-service=mountd
firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-service=rpc-bind
firewall-cmd --reload
Setup NFS-Client(s)
1.Installing nfs-utils
sudo su -
yum install nfs-utils
2.Create a mount point
mkdir -p /mnt/nfs/var/nfs_share_dir
3.Mounting the filesystem
mount -t nfs 192.168.48.100:/var/nfs_share_dir /mnt/nfs/var/nfs_share_dir
-t type of filesystem
192.168.48.100 server's IP
4.Verify if mounted
$ df -kh
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos-root 39G 1.1G 38G 3% /
devtmpfs 488M 0 488M 0% /dev
tmpfs 494M 0 494M 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 494M 6.7M 487M 2% /run
tmpfs 494M 0 494M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/centos-home 19G 33M 19G 1% /home
/dev/sda1 497M 126M 372M 26% /boot
192.168.48.100:/var/nfs_share_dir 39G 980M 38G 3% /mnt/nfs/var/nfs_share_dir
5.Mounting permanently.
Now if the client is rebooted, we need to remount again. So, to mount permanently,we need to configure /etc/fstab file.
Append this to /etc/fstab
192.168.48.100:/var/nfs_share_dir /mnt/nfs/var/nfs_share_dir nfs defaults 0 0
To verify, create a file in the Client-side, and open in server-side.
Client-side(192.168.48.101)
echo "Client Hello" >> /mnt/nfs/var/nfs_share_dir/testing.txt
Server-side(192.168.48.100)
$ cat /var/nfs_share_dir/testing.txt
Client Hello
Hurray! Now client is able to access the files of server.
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