What are Promises in Javascript ? (Help)

It's an I Owe You arrangement in code.

Dev: I want this webpages html, when it loads, do you promise to give it to me?

Promise: yes I promise but I may fall over because I haven't tied my shoelaces, if I do, catch me okay?!

Dev: I'm only human?! What do you take me for, alright I will try

Promise: at least I'm not as bad as callbacks

Dev: hey quit yapping, do you have that data?

Victims online bank: hey come back with my HTML!!

Promise: bleep bloo bleep, resolved 🤖

Dev: thanks, let's get on with other work

Sorry that turned dark didn't it!?

Sometimes, you have to wait for something to finish in JavaScript. Maybe you're waiting for an endpoint to return some kind of data. Well, how should JavaScript handle it? Stop all processes and wait for it? Well, no. So, an asynchronous (async) function can return a promise. It's promising you that it will finish whatever it's doing in some time. You can use await to wait for the promise to be fulfilled, in which case you need to use it inside an async function.

a recently written article I just found

JavaScript usually runs one command after another. Sometimes, commands take longer, i.e. HTTP Requests; running them that way will block the whole page. Instead, JavaScript runs these things in a way that calls a function (usually called callback) after the command has finished. However, just calling a function that you receive as an argument leads directly into callback hell:

request1(config, function callback1(data) {
  request(data.secondUrl, function callback2(data) {
    request(data.thirdConfig, function callback3(data) {
      // and so on and so forth
    });
  });
});

As you can clearly see, this code gets ugly fast. Helpfully, JavaScript now has a class called Promise which helps to make this more manageable:

  fetch(config)
    .then((data) => fetch(data.secondUrl))
    .then((data) => fetch(data.thirdConfig))
  // and so on and so forth

This way, the code becomes much more readable and still does not block the page.