Stephanie Opala

Posted on Jun 23, 2021 • Edited on Jul 19, 2022

Simple responsive navigation bar | React.js

#react #webdev #codenewbie

This article is a step-by-step guide on how to create a simple navigation bar using React.js, styled components for styling, and react router to handle routing.
NOTE: This article has been updated to use the latest version of react router, that is, version 6.

Prerequisites
Setting up the React environment
Installing the required dependencies
Structuring the project
Creating the navbar component
Styling the navbar component
Implementing routes
Adding content to the pages
Conclusion

Prerequisites

To follow along, you will need to have:

Basic knowledge of React JS.

Setting up the React environment

In the terminal, run the following command to create a React application using Create React App.

npx create-react-app my-app

Once the process is done, run the following command to get into the my-app folder.

cd my-app

Installing the required dependencies

Install react-router-dom using the following command in your terminal.

npm install react-router-dom

We will use styled components for styling, therefore install it using the command below.

npm install --save styled components

Lastly, we will need some icons for the project. For this, we will use react-icons. Install it using the command below.

npm install react-icons --save

Once the installation of the above is done, start the React application using the following command.

npm start

Structuring the project

Create a folder named components in the src folder.
Inside the components folder, create a another folder named Navbar.
Inside the Navbar folder, create two files named index.js and NavbarElements.js.

We will create another folder for the pages.
Go to src folder and create a folder named pages.
Inside pages create the following files.
index.js
about.js
contact.js
signin.js
signup.js

These will be the web pages on our website.

Creating the navbar component

Go to the components/Navbar/index.js file and create a functional component, Navbar.

index.js

import React from "react";

const Navbar = () => {
    return (
        <>
           <Nav>
            <NavLogo to="/">
                Logo
            </NavLogo>
            <Bars />

            <NavMenu>
                <NavLink 
                  to="/"
                  activeStyle={{ color:'black' }}
                >
                    Home
                </NavLink>
                <NavLink 
                  to="/about"
                  activeStyle={{ color: 'black' }}
                >
                    About
                </NavLink>
                <NavLink 
                  to="/contact" 
                  activeStyle={{ color: 'black' }}
                >
                    Contact
                </NavLink>
                <NavLink
                  to="/signin"
                  activeStyle={{ color: 'black' }}
                >
                    Sign In
                </NavLink>
                <NavBtn>
                    <NavBtnLink to="/sign-up">Sign Up</NavBtnLink>
                </NavBtn>
            </NavMenu>
           </Nav> 
        </>
    );
};
export default Navbar;

The code snippet above is the navbar component which includes the logo and various links.

Styling the navbar component

In NavbarElements.js, include the following styles.

import { FaBars } from "react-icons/fa";
import { NavLink as Link } from "react-router-dom";
import styled from "styled-components";

export const Nav = styled.nav`
    background: orangered;
    height: 85px;
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
    padding: 0.2rem calc((100vw - 1000px) / 2);
    z-index: 12;
`;
export const NavLogo = styled(Link)`
  cursor: pointer;
  color: #fff;
  font-size: 2rem;
  text-decoration: none;

`;

export const NavLink = styled(Link)`
color: #fff;
display: flex;
align-items: center;
text-decoration: none;
padding: 0 1rem;
height: 100%;
cursor: pointer;
&:hover {
  color: black;
}
`;

export const Bars = styled(FaBars)`
  display: none;
  color: #fff;
  @media screen and (max-width: 768px) {
    display: block;
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    right: 0;
    transform: translate(-100%, 75%);
    font-size: 1.8rem;
    cursor: pointer;
  }
`;

export const NavMenu = styled.div`
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  margin-right: -24px;

  @media screen and (max-width: 768px) {
    display: none;
  }
`;

export const NavBtn = styled.nav`
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  margin-right: 24px;

  @media screen and (max-width: 768px) {
    display: none;
  }
`;

export const NavBtnLink = styled(Link)`
  border-radius: 4px;
  background: transparent;
  padding: 10px 22px;
  color: #fff;
  outline: none;
  border: 1px solid #fff;
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: all 0.2s ease-in-out;
  text-decoration: none;
  margin-left: 24px;
  &:hover {
    transition: all 0.2s ease-in-out;
    background: #fff;
    color: #808080;
  }
`;

At the top of the file, we are importing FaBars which is an icon from react-icons. We are also importing styled from styled-components and lastly Navlink as Link from react-router-dom.
Styled components allows you to include pseudo selectors and media queries when writing your styles, similar to how you would write them when using SASS/SCSS.

Go to components\Navbar\index.js and import the following from NavbarElements.js just before the functional component.

import {
    Nav,
    NavLogo,
    NavLink,
    Bars,
    NavMenu,
    NavBtn,
    NavBtnLink,
} from "./NavbarElements";

Implementing routes

In App.js, import the Navbar component and the pages. We will also import BrowserRouter, Routes, Route from react-router-dom.

import './App.css';
import { BrowserRouter, Routes, Route } from "react-router-dom";
import Navbar from "./components/Navbar";
import Home from './pages';
import About from './pages/about';
import Contact from './pages/contact';
import SignUp from './pages/signup';
import SignIn from './pages/signin';

function App() {
  return (
    <BrowserRouter>
      <Navbar />
      <Routes>
        <Route path="/" element={<Home />} />
        <Route path="/about" element={<About />} />
        <Route path="/contact" element={<Contact />} />
        <Route path="/signin" element={<SignIn />} />
        <Route path="/sign-up" element={<SignUp />} />
      </Routes>
    </BrowserRouter>
  );
}

export default App;

Adding content to the pages

In the following pages, add placeholder text or any suitable content for your pages.

about.js

const About = () => {
    return (
        <div
            style={{
                display: 'flex',
                justifyContent: 'center',
                alignItems: 'center',
                height: '100vh'
            }}
        >
            <h1>Lorem ipsum dolor sit, amet consectetur adipisicing elit. Exercitationem, totam.</h1>
        </div>
    );
};

export default About;

contact.js

const Contact = () => {
    return (
        <div
            style={{
                display: 'flex',
                justifyContent: 'center',
                alignItems: 'center',
                height: '100vh'
            }}
        >
           <h1>Contact Us</h1> 
        </div>
    );
};

export default Contact;

index.js

const Home = () => {
  return (    
    <h1>Welcome to our website!</h1>
  );
};

export default Home;

signin.js


const SignIn = () => {
  return (
    <div>
      <h1>Sign In</h1>
    </div>
  )
}

export default SignIn;

signup.js


const SignUp = () => {
  return (
    <div>
      <h1>Sign Up and get started</h1>
    </div>
  )
}

export default SignUp;

Conclusion

In this article, we have created a navigation bar using React, styled components and react-router for routing.

Happy coding.

Top comments (23)

yasar-ayan • Sep 12 '21

Warning: React does not recognize the activeStyle prop on a DOM element. If you intentionally want it to appear in the DOM as a custom attribute, spell it as lowercase activestyle instead. If you accidentally passed it from a parent component, remove it from the DOM element.

Stephanie Opala • Jan 8 '22

This issue is resolved.

Felipe Basilio • Jan 13 '22

Where?

Stephanie Opala • Jan 24 '22

I have updated the index.js code snippet. Feel free to check it out

Beez B • Jan 21 '22

Hi, where was the issue solved?

Stephanie Opala • Jan 24 '22

I have updated index.js code snippet. You can have a look at it

Stephanie Opala • Oct 16 '21

Thanks for the heads up.

OLAJESU BENJAMIN • Apr 25 '22

ERROR in ./src/App.js 21:35-41
export 'Switch' (imported as 'Switch') was not found in 'react-router-dom' (possible exports: BrowserRouter, HashRouter, Link, MemoryRouter, NavLink, Navigate, NavigationType, Outlet, Route, Router, Routes, UNSAFE_LocationContext, UNSAFE_NavigationContext, UNSAFE_RouteContext, createPath, createRoutesFromChildren, createSearchParams, generatePath, matchPath, matchRoutes, parsePath, renderMatches, resolvePath, unstable_HistoryRouter, useHref, useInRouterContext, useLinkClickHandler, useLocation, useMatch, useNavigate, useNavigationType, useOutlet, useOutletContext, useParams, useResolvedPath, useRoutes, useSearchParams)

ERROR in ./src/components/Navbar/NavbarElements.js 5:0-39
Module not found: Error: Can't resolve 'styled-components' in 'C:\Users\MAX\header\src\components\Navbar'

webpack compiled with 2 errors

Stephanie Opala • Apr 26 '22

react-router-dom updated their syntax. Use Routes instead of Switch
You can find more information here.
github.com/howtographql/howtograph...

tagwirei12 • Oct 18 '22

hello there, I keep getting a blank page on my browser any help?

OLAJESU BENJAMIN • Apr 26 '22

Compiled with problems:X

ERROR in ./src/components/Navbar/NavbarElements.js 5:0-39

Module not found: Error: Can't resolve 'styled-components' in 'C:\Users\MAX\nav\src\components\Navbar'

OLAJESU BENJAMIN • Apr 26 '22

npm install styled-components --save

THIS FIXED IT

many thanks, would like to have some clearity conversation with you

David Forer • Oct 6 '21

Just wanted to say nice tutorial. Definitely added it to my components.

Stephanie Opala • Oct 9 '21

Thank you

Nikhil Turale • Oct 29 '21

thanks for this post

Harsh Singh • Dec 18 '21

Thank you so much . It was easy to follow

Balaji • Jul 2 '22

Hi I follow the above instruction but still not responding in H tags why this happing ..

Balaji • Jul 2 '22

Issue has been fixed.
}/>
component instead of element

💤sleepy sanjay💤 • Jul 15 '22

what do yuo mean by this

Stephanie Opala • Jul 18 '22 • Edited

He is referring to to this line of code,
<Route path="/about" element={<About />} /> and the rest of the route
The latest version of react router uses element={<About />} instead of component={<About />}

grivas97 • Jun 7 '22

Hey everything is working for me but for some reason my h1 tags are not showing? this happen to same tutorial i followed on w3school maybe you might have an idea why?