π Function β Load balancers distribute incoming network traffic across multiple servers to prevent any single server from becoming overwhelmed, ensuring efficient resource use and reducing response times.
βοΈ Types β There are several types of load balancers, including hardware, software, virtual, network, application, global server, DNS, and cloud-based load balancers, each catering to different needs and environments.
π Algorithms β Load balancing algorithms can be static or dynamic. Static algorithms like round-robin distribute traffic evenly without real-time adjustments, while dynamic algorithms like least connection consider server health and load.
π Public vs. Private β Public load balancers use public IPs and are accessible from the internet, while private load balancers use private IPs for internal network traffic, providing an additional layer of security.
π Monitoring β Load balancers continuously monitor server health and reroute traffic away from unhealthy servers, ensuring high availability and reliability.
Types of Load Balancers
π₯οΈ Hardware Load Balancers β These are physical devices that distribute network traffic across servers. They are robust but can be expensive and less flexible.
π» Software Load Balancers β These are applications that perform load balancing functions and can be installed on servers, offering flexibility and cost-effectiveness.
π Virtual Load Balancers β These combine the software of a hardware load balancer running on a virtual machine, providing a balance between performance and flexibility.
π‘ Network Load Balancers β Operating at the transport layer, they distribute traffic based on IP protocol data and can handle millions of requests per second.
πΊοΈ Global Server Load Balancers β These distribute traffic across geographically dispersed servers to optimize performance and availability.
βοΈ Cloud-based Load Balancers β Offered by cloud providers as managed services, they provide scalability and ease of use.
Load Balancing Algorithms
π Round Robin β A static algorithm that distributes requests sequentially across servers, ensuring even distribution without real-time adjustments.
βοΈ Least Connection β A dynamic algorithm that sends requests to the server with the fewest active connections, optimizing load distribution based on current server load.
β±οΈ Least Response Time β Directs traffic to servers with the fewest active connections and fastest response times, improving efficiency.
π Weighted Algorithms β These assign different weights to servers based on their capacity, allowing more capable servers to handle more traffic.
π’ Source IP Hash β Generates a hash value from the client's IP address to determine server assignment, ensuring consistent routing for repeat requests.
Public vs Private Load Balancers
π Public Load Balancers β Use public IP addresses and are accessible from the internet, requiring additional security measures like firewalls.
π Private Load Balancers β Use private IP addresses and are accessible only within a virtual network, providing an extra layer of security.
π NAT Gateway β Public load balancers often require a Network Address Translation gateway to ensure reachability between the load balancer and its backends.
π Connectivity β Private load balancers require clients to be within the same virtual network or connected via VPN for access.
π‘οΈ Security β Public load balancers need robust security configurations to protect against internet-based threats.
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