This article aims to deeply explore the technical details of the Huawei HarmonyOS Next system (up to API 12 as of now) in developing multilingual e-commerce platforms, and is summarized based on actual development practices. It mainly serves as a vehicle for technical sharing and communication. Mistakes and omissions are inevitable. Colleagues are welcome to put forward valuable opinions and questions so that we can make progress together. This article is original content, and any form of reprint must indicate the source and the original author.
In the permission management system of HarmonyOS Next, permission groups and one-time authorization are two important advanced concepts. They provide developers with more optimized permission application strategies, further enhancing the user experience. Today, let's explore the specific details of these two functions in depth.I. Permission Groups: Optimizing the Permission Application Process
(I) The Concept and Function of Permission Groups
Permission groups are a management mechanism introduced by the HarmonyOS Next system to reduce the disturbance caused by permission pop-up windows to users. It combines user_grant permissions that are closely related in logic. When an application requests permissions, the permissions within the same permission group will be requested for user authorization together in one pop-up window. This is like packing a series of related items into one parcel and delivering them to the user all at once instead of one by one, thus improving the interaction efficiency.
For example, the location information permission group may include related permissions such as obtaining precise location and obtaining approximate location. By combining these permissions together, when an application needs to obtain location information, it only needs to pop up one permission application window to explain to the user at once the purpose of the application obtaining location information and the specific permissions required, instead of popping up separate windows for each location-related permission, which greatly reduces the number of pop-up windows and enhances the user experience.(II) Display of Permission Groups Supported by the System
The following are some of the permission groups currently supported by the HarmonyOS Next system and their included sub-permissions:
| Permission Group | Sub-permissions |
|---|---|
| Location Information Permission Group | ohos.permission.APPROXIMATELY_LOCATION (Obtaining approximate location information of the device), ohos.permission.LOCATION (Obtaining location information of the device) |
| Address Book Permission Group | ohos.permission.READ_CONTACTS (Reading contact data), ohos.permission.WRITE_CONTACTS (Adding, removing, or changing contact data) |
| Call Record Permission Group | (Specific permissions related to call records, depending on the actual situation) |
| Telephone Permission Group | (Specific permissions related to telephones, such as making calls, obtaining call status, etc.) |
| Message Permission Group | (Specific permissions related to messages, such as sending text messages, reading text messages, etc.) |
| Calendar Permission Group | ohos.permission.READ_CALENDAR (Reading calendar information), ohos.permission.WRITE_CALENDAR (Adding, removing, or changing calendar activities) |(III) Example Code for Reducing the Number of Pop-up Windows Using Permission Groups
Taking the application for location information and camera permissions as an example, assume that our application needs to obtain the user's location information and use the camera to take pictures in one function. To apply for permissions in the way of permission groups, the code is as follows:
import { abilityAccessCtrl, common, Permissions } from '@kit.AbilityKit';
import { BusinessError } from '@kit.BasicServicesKit';
// Define the list of permissions to be applied for, including the location information permission group and camera permission
const permissions: Array<Permissions> = ['ohos.permission.APPROXIMATELY_LOCATION', 'ohos.permission.LOCATION', 'ohos.permission.CAMERA'];
function reqPermissionsFromUser(permissions: Array<Permissions>, context: common.UIAbilityContext): void {
let atManager: abilityAccessCtrl.AtManager = abilityAccessCtrl.createAtManager();
atManager.requestPermissionsFromUser(context, permissions).then((data) => {
let grantStatus: Array<number> = data.authResults;
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html
<!DOCTYPE html>
AlpineScript Example
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In this example, we first use the `x-data` directive to initialize the state of the button element with a boolean variable `isClicked` set to false. Then, we use the `x-bind` directive to bind a JavaScript expression to the `style` attribute of the button. The expression checks the value of the `isClicked` variable and sets the text color of the button accordingly. When the button is clicked, we can update the value of the `isClicked` variable in our JavaScript code, and the text color of the button will change accordingly.
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In conclusion, AlpineScript is a useful JavaScript framework for building simple and interactive web applications. It has many benefits such as simplicity, performance, reactivity, and interoperability. However, it also has some limitations such as limited functionality, lack of formal documentation, and no built-in support for routing. When choosing a JavaScript framework for your web application, you should consider these factors and choose the one that best suits your needs.
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