By Farrel Burns
Brought to you by CloudCannon, the Git-based CMS for Jekyll.
What you’ll learn here:
Creating and using Jekyll includes
Passing parameters to Jekyll includes
# Starting repo
git clone https://github.com/CloudCannon/jekyll-learn-blog-template.git
# Starting branch:
git checkout includes-intro-start
# Finished branch:
git checkout includes-intro-finish
What are Jekyll includes?
Previously, we looked at creating layouts as an outer “frame” for page content. But sometimes we have smaller page fragments that we want to remain consistent over multiple pages. Great examples of this are social media sharing and forms. Jekyll includes allow you to break down your pages into smaller “components” like navigation, section titles, and footers - there are many potential use cases. Read more on includes on Jekyll’s official site.
How to use includes
Setting up our includes is much like layouts - we need to create an _includes folder for Jekyll to recognize, and then we can put our HTML fragments in it.
For our first example, let’s take our existing navigation and footer from our default.html layout and place them in their own files:
- Create
_includes/nav.html. Cut and paste all of the<header>element from_layouts/default.htmlinto this file. - Create
_includes/footer.html. Cut and paste all of the<footer>element from_layouts/default.htmlinto this file.
Lastly, to use our new includes, simply add these in the place of the content we have moved:
---
---
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
... rest of head ...
<body class="page">
{% include nav.html %}
<main class="main-content">
<div class="container">
<div class="page-content">
{{ content }}
</div>
</main>
{% include footer.html %}
</body>
</html>
Now our default layout is quite a bit cleaner and easier to read, and it’s easier for us to work with these areas individually.
Add some versatility - pass parameters to includes
It’s great being able to break our site down further, but what if we want to create a component that changes as we need it, like a number of social media posts? Normally, we would just have to copy and paste embed code from a provider, but Jekyll offers another solution: parameters.
When we view a post/video or similar, it is usually identified by a unique code. We can use this code as a “parameter” to pass into our include’s URL, so that our includes become even more reusable.
Let’s create a YouTube component that we can put on our page. Create youtube.html in your _includes folder and paste this code into it:
<div class="spacing youtube">
<iframe width="560" height="315"
src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/{{ include.youtube_id }}"
frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture"
allowfullscreen>
</iframe>
</div>
Notice the placeholder for a YouTube video ID. Now, all we need to do is include our YouTube component in our page, with our unique code. Let’s add two to our page to show how easily we can now display different videos:
<p class="featured">Featured posts</p>
<h2 class="heading-secondary dark-blue">Latest videos</h2>
<div class="includes-grid">
{% include youtube.html youtube_id="7W7hEUGtv4U" %>
{% include youtube.html youtube_id="E3a88_SjJR0" %}
</div>
You can apply this same logic to Instagram, Facebook, or any other social media posts. Simply find the “embed” option for a post/content to create your include, then replace the unique code with {{ include.<your variable> }}. Now all you need to add is the unique code whenever there is a new post to add.
What’s next?
Includes are a great way to help manage your website and prevent the need for copy and paste. But for now let’s move our focus to creating content for our blog through posts.
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