DEV Community

Cover image for Setting up Node JS, Express, Prettier, ESLint and Husky Application with Babel and Typescript: Part 1
Mohammad Abu Mattar
Mohammad Abu Mattar

Posted on • Updated on • Originally published at dev.to

Setting up Node JS, Express, Prettier, ESLint and Husky Application with Babel and Typescript: Part 1

#typescript #node #babel #express

Table of Contents

Introduction

All code from this tutorial as a complete package is available in this repository. If you find this tutorial helpful, please share it with your friends and colleagues, and make sure to star the repository.

So, in this little tutorial, I’ll explain how to set up babel for a basic NodeJS Express, and typescript application so that we may utilize the most recent ES6 syntax in it.

What is TypeScript?

TypeScript is a superset of JavaScript that mainly offers classes, interfaces, and optional static typing. The ability to enable IDEs to give a richer environment for seeing typical mistakes as you enter the code is one of the major advantages.

  • JavaScript and More: TypeScript adds additional syntax to JavaScript to support a tighter integration with your editor. Catch errors early in your editor.
  • A Result You Can Trust: TypeScript code converts to JavaScript, which runs anywhere JavaScript runs: In a browser, on Node.js or Deno and in your apps.
  • Safety at Scale: TypeScript understands JavaScript and uses type inference to give you great tooling without additional code.

What is Babel?

Babel Babel is a toolchain that is mainly used to convert ECMAScript 2015+ code into a backwards compatible version of JavaScript in current and older browsers or environments. Here are the main things Babel can do for you:

  • Transform syntax
  • Polyfill features that are missing in your target environment (through a third-party polyfill such as core-js)
  • Source code transformations (codemods)

Project Setup

We’ll begin by creating a new directory called template-express-typescript-blueprint and then we’ll create a new package.json file. We’re going to be using yarn for this example, but you could just as easily use NPM if you choose, but yarn is a lot more convenient.

mkdir template-express-typescript-blueprint
cd template-express-typescript-blueprint
yarn init -y
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

Now we'll connect to our new project with git.

git init
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

A new Git repository is created with the git init command. It may be used to start a fresh, empty repository or convert an existing, unversioned project to a Git repository. This is often the first command you'll perform in a new project because the majority of additional Git commands are not accessible outside of an initialized repository.

Now we'll connect to our new project with github, creating a new empty repository, after we've created a new directory called template-express-typescript-blueprint.

echo "# Setting up Node JS, Express,  Prettier, ESLint and Husky Application with Babel and Typescript: Part 1" >> README.md
git init
git add README.md
git commit -m "ci: initial commit"
git branch -M main
git remote add origin git@github.com:<YOUR_USERNAME>/template-express-typescript-blueprint.git
git push -u origin main
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

Engine Locking

The same Node engine and package management that we use should be available to all developers working on this project. We create two new files in order to achieve that:

  • .nvmrc: Will disclose to other project users the Node version that is being utilized.
  • .npmrc: reveals to other project users the package manager being used.

.nvmrc is a file that is used to specify the Node version that is being used.

touch .nvmrc
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

.nvmrc

lts/fermium
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

.npmrc is a file that is used to specify the package manager that is being used.

touch .npmrc
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

.npmrc

engine-strict=true
save-exact = true
tag-version-prefix=""
strict-peer-dependencies = false
auto-install-peers = true
lockfile = true
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

Now we'll add few things to our package.json file.

package.json

{
  "name": "template-express-typescript-blueprint",
  "version": "0.0.0",
  "description": "",
  "keywords": [],
  "main": "index.js",
  "license": "MIT",
  "author": {
    "name": "Mohammad Abu Mattar",
    "email": "mohammad.khaled@outlook.com",
    "url": "https://mkabumattar.github.io/"
  },
  "homepage": "https://github.com/MKAbuMattar/template-express-typescript-blueprint#readme",
  "repository": {
    "type": "git",
    "url": "git+https://github.com/MKAbuMattar/template-express-typescript-blueprint.git"
  },
  "bugs": {
    "url": "https://github.com/MKAbuMattar/template-express-typescript-blueprint/issues"
  }
}
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

Notably, the usage of engine-strict said nothing about yarn in particular; we handle that in packages.json:

open packages.json add the engines:

{
  ...,
   "engines": {
    "node": ">=14.0.0",
    "yarn": ">=1.20.0",
    "npm": "please-use-yarn"
  }
}
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

Installing and Configuring TypeScript

TypeScript is available as a package in the yarn registry. We can install it with the following command to install it as a dev dependency:

yarn add -D typescript @types/node
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

Now that TypeScript is installed in your project, we can initialize the configuration file with the following command:

yarn tsc --init
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

Now we can start config the typescript configuration file.

tsconfig.json

{
  "compilerOptions": {
    "target": "es2016",
    "module": "commonjs",
    "rootDir": "./src",
    "moduleResolution": "node",
    "baseUrl": "./src",
    "declaration": true,
    "emitDeclarationOnly": true,
    "outDir": "./build",
    "esModuleInterop": true,
    "forceConsistentCasingInFileNames": true,
    "strict": true,
    "skipLibCheck": true
  }
}
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

Installing and Configuring Babel

In order to set up babel in the project, we must first install three main packages.

  • babel-core: The primary package for running any babel setup or configuration is babel-core.
  • babel-node: Any version of ES may be converted to ordinary JavaScript using the babel-node library.
  • babel-preset-env: This package gives us access to forthcoming functionalities that node.js does not yet comprehend. New features are constantly being developed, thus it will probably take some time for NodeJS to incorporate them. 
yarn add -D @babel/cli @babel/core @babel/node @babel/plugin-proposal-class-properties @babel/plugin-transform-runtime @babel/preset-env @babel/preset-typescript @babel/runtime babel-core babel-plugin-module-resolver babel-plugin-source-map-support
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

After that, we need to create a file called .babelrc in the project’s root directory, and we paste the following block of code there.

touch .babelrc
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

.babelrc

{
  "presets": [
    "@babel/preset-env",
    "@babel/preset-typescript"
  ],
  "plugins": [
    "@babel/plugin-proposal-class-properties",
    "@babel/plugin-transform-runtime",
    "source-map-support"
  ],
  "sourceMaps": "inline"
}
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

Add the following line to the package.json file to compile, and build the code with babel:

{
  "scripts": {
    "build:compile": "npx babel src --extensions .ts --out-dir build --source-maps",
    "build:types": "tsc",
  }
}
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

Now we need to add .gitignore file to the project, and add the following line to it:

The .gitignore file tells Git which files to ignore when committing your project to the GitHub repository. gitignore is located in the root directory of your repo.

touch .gitignore
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

.gitignore

# Logs
logs
*.log
npm-debug.log*
yarn-debug.log*
yarn-error.log*
lerna-debug.log*
.pnpm-debug.log*

# Diagnostic reports (https://nodejs.org/api/report.html)
report.[0-9]*.[0-9]*.[0-9]*.[0-9]*.json

# Runtime data
pids
*.pid
*.seed
*.pid.lock

# Directory for instrumented libs generated by jscoverage/JSCover
lib-cov

# Coverage directory used by tools like istanbul
coverage
*.lcov

# nyc test coverage
.nyc_output

# Grunt intermediate storage (https://gruntjs.com/creating-plugins#storing-task-files)
.grunt

# Bower dependency directory (https://bower.io/)
bower_components

# node-waf configuration
.lock-wscript

# Compiled binary addons (https://nodejs.org/api/addons.html)
build
build/Release

# Dependency directories
node_modules/
jspm_packages/

# Snowpack dependency directory (https://snowpack.dev/)
web_modules/

# TypeScript cache
*.tsbuildinfo

# Optional npm cache directory
.npm

# Optional eslint cache
.eslintcache

# Optional stylelint cache
.stylelintcache

# Microbundle cache
.rpt2_cache/
.rts2_cache_cjs/
.rts2_cache_es/
.rts2_cache_umd/

# Optional REPL history
.node_repl_history

# Output of 'npm pack'
*.tgz

# Yarn Integrity file
.yarn-integrity

# dotenv environment variable files
.env
.env.development.local
.env.test.local
.env.production.local
.env.local

# parcel-bundler cache (https://parceljs.org/)
.cache
.parcel-cache

# vuepress build output
.vuepress/dist

# vuepress v2.x temp and cache directory
.temp
.cache

# Docusaurus cache and generated files
.docusaurus

# Serverless directories
.serverless/

# FuseBox cache
.fusebox/

# DynamoDB Local files
.dynamodb/

# TernJS port file
.tern-port

# Stores VSCode versions used for testing VSCode extensions
.vscode-test

# yarn v2
.yarn/cache
.yarn/unplugged
.yarn/build-state.yml
.yarn/install-state.gz
.pnp.*
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

Code Formatting and Quality Tools

We will be using two tools in order to establish a standard that will be utilized by all project participants to maintain consistency in the coding style and the use of fundamental best practices:

  • Prettier: A tool that will help us to format our code consistently.
  • ESLint: A tool that will help us to enforce a consistent coding style.

Installing and Configuring Prettier

Prettier will handle the automated file formatting for us. Add it to the project right now.

yarn add -D prettier
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

Additionally, I advise getting the Prettier VS Code extension so that you may avoid using the command line tool and have VS Code take care of the file formatting for you. It’s still required to include it here even when it’s installed and set up in your project since VSCode will utilize your project’s settings.

We’ll create two files in the root:

  • .prettierrc: This file will contain the configuration for prettier.
  • .prettierignore: This file will contain the list of files that should be ignored by prettier.

.prettierrc

{
  "trailingComma": "all",
  "printWidth": 80,
  "tabWidth": 2,
  "useTabs": false,
  "semi": false,
  "singleQuote": true
}
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

.prettierignore

node_modules
build
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

I’ve listed the folders in that file that I don’t want Prettier to waste any time working on. If you’d want to disregard specific file types in groups, you may also use patterns like *.html.

Now we add a new script to package.json so we can run Prettier:

package.json

"scripts: {
  ...,
  "prettier": "prettier --write \"src/**/*.ts\"",
  "prettier:check": "prettier --check \"src/**/*.ts\"",
}
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

You can now run yarn prettier to format all files in the project, or yarn prettier:check to check if all files are formatted correctly.

yarn prettier:check
yarn prettier
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

to automatically format, repair, and save all files in your project that you haven’t ignored. My formatter updated around 7 files by default. The source control tab on the left of VS Code has a list of altered files where you may find them.

Installing and Configuring ESLint

We’ll begin with ESLint, which is a tool that will help us to enforce a consistent coding style, at first need to install the dependencies.

yarn add -D eslint @typescript-eslint/eslint-plugin @typescript-eslint/parser eslint-config-prettier eslint-config-standard eslint-plugin-import eslint-plugin-node eslint-plugin-prettier eslint-plugin-promise
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

We’ll create two files in the root:

  • .eslintrc: This file will contain the configuration for ESLint.
  • .eslintignore: This file will contain the list of files that should be ignored by ESLint.

.eslintrc

{
  "parser": "@typescript-eslint/parser",
  "parserOptions": {
    "ecmaVersion": 12,
    "sourceType": "module"
  },
  "plugins": [
    "@typescript-eslint"
  ],
  "extends": [
    "eslint:recommended",
    "plugin:@typescript-eslint/recommended"
  ],
  "rules": {
    "@typescript-eslint/no-unused-vars": "error",
    "@typescript-eslint/consistent-type-definitions": [
      "error",
      "interface"
    ]
  },
  "env": {
    "browser": true,
    "es2021": true
  }
}
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

.eslintignore

node_modules
build
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

Now we add a new script to package.json so we can run ESLint:

package.json

"scripts: {
  ...,
  "lint": "eslint --ignore-path .eslintignore \"src/**/*.ts\" --fix",
  "lint:check": "eslint --ignore-path .eslintignore \"src/**/*.ts\"",
}
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

You can test out your config by running:

You can now run yarn lint to format all files in the project, or yarn lint:check to check if all files are formatted correctly.

yarn lint:check
yarn lint
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

Git Hooks

Before moving on to component development, there is one more section on configuration. If you want to expand on this project in the future, especially with a team of other developers, keep in mind that you’ll want it to be as stable as possible. To get it right from the beginning is time well spent.

We’re going to use a program called Husky.

Installing and Configuring Husky

Husky is a tool for executing scripts at various git stages, such as add, commit, push, etc. We would like to be able to specify requirements and, provided our project is of acceptable quality, only enable actions like commit and push to proceed if our code satisfies those requirements.

To install Husky run

yarn add husky

yarn husky install
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

A .husky directory will be created in your project by the second command. Your hooks will be located here. As it is meant for other developers as well as yourself, make sure this directory is included in your code repository.

Add the following script to your package.json file:

package.json

"scripts: {
  ...,
  "prepare": "husky install"
}
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

This will ensure Husky gets installed automatically when other developers run the project.

To create a hook run:

npx husky add .husky/pre-commit "yarn lint"
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

The aforementioned states that the yarn lint script must run and be successful before our commit may be successful. Success here refers to the absence of mistakes. You will be able to get warnings (remember in the ESLint config a setting of 1 is a warning and 2 is an error in case you want to adjust settings).

We’re going to add another one:

npx husky add .husky/pre-push "yarn build"
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

This makes sure that we can’t push to the remote repository until our code has built correctly. That sounds like a very acceptable requirement, don’t you think? By making this adjustment and attempting to push, feel free to test it.

Installing and Configuring Commitlint

Finally, we’ll add one more tool. Let’s make sure that everyone on the team is adhering to them as well (including ourselves! ), since we have been using a uniform format for all of our commit messages so far. For our commit messages, we may add a linter.

yarn add -D @commitlint/config-conventional @commitlint/cli
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

We will configure it using a set of common defaults, but since I occasionally forget what prefixes are available, I like to explicitly provide that list in a commitlint.config.js file:

touch commitlint.config.js
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

commitlint.config.js

// build: Changes that affect the build system or external dependencies (example scopes: gulp, broccoli, npm)
// ci: Changes to our CI configuration files and scripts (example scopes: Travis, Circle, BrowserStack, SauceLabs)
// docs: Documentation only changes
// feat: A new feature
// fix: A bug fix
// perf: A code change that improves performance
// refactor: A code change that neither fixes a bug nor adds a feature
// style: Changes that do not affect the meaning of the code (white-space, formatting, missing semi-colons, etc)
// test: Adding missing tests or correcting existing tests
module.exports = {
  extends: ['@commitlint/config-conventional'],
  rules: {
    'body-leading-blank': [1, 'always'],
    'body-max-line-length': [2, 'always', 100],
    'footer-leading-blank': [1, 'always'],
    'footer-max-line-length': [2, 'always', 100],
    'header-max-length': [2, 'always', 100],
    'scope-case': [2, 'always', 'lower-case'],
    'subject-case': [
      2,
      'never',
      ['sentence-case', 'start-case', 'pascal-case', 'upper-case'],
    ],
    'subject-empty': [2, 'never'],
    'subject-full-stop': [2, 'never', '.'],
    'type-case': [2, 'always', 'lower-case'],
    'type-empty': [2, 'never'],
    'type-enum': [
      2,
      'always',
      [
        'build',
        'chore',
        'ci',
        'docs',
        'feat',
        'fix',
        'perf',
        'refactor',
        'revert',
        'style',
        'test',
        'translation',
        'security',
        'changeset',
      ],
    ],
  },
}
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

Afterward, use Husky to enable commitlint by using:

npx husky add .husky/commit-msg 'npx --no -- commitlint --edit "$1"'
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

now push your changes to the remote repository and you’ll be able to commit with a valid commit message.

git add .
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode 
git commit -m "ci: eslint | prettier | husky"
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode 
╭─mkabumattar@mkabumattar in repo: template-express-typescript-blueprint on  main [+] is  v0.0.0 via  v18.4.0 took 41ms
╰─λ git commit -m "ci: eslint | prettier | husky"
yarn run v1.22.18
$ eslint --ignore-path .eslintignore "src/**/*.ts" --fix
Done in 1.31s.
[main 7fbc14f] ci: eslint | prettier | husky
17 files changed, 4484 insertions(+)
create mode 100644 .babelrc
create mode 100644 .eslintignore
create mode 100644 .eslintrc
create mode 100644 .gitattributes
create mode 100644 .gitignore
create mode 100755 .husky/commit-msg
create mode 100755 .husky/pre-commit
create mode 100755 .husky/pre-push
create mode 100644 .npmrc
create mode 100644 .nvmrc
create mode 100644 .prettierignore
create mode 100644 .prettierrc
create mode 100644 commitlint.config.js
create mode 100644 package.json
create mode 100644 src/index.ts
create mode 100644 tsconfig.json
create mode 100644 yarn.lock
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode 
git push -u origin main
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode 
╭─mkabumattar@mkabumattar in repo: template-express-typescript-blueprint on  main [⇡1] is v0.0.0 via  v18.4.0 took 2s
╰─λ git push -u origin main
yarn run v1.22.18
error Command "build" not found.
info Visit https://yarnpkg.com/en/docs/cli/run for documentation about this command.
husky - pre-push hook exited with code 1 (error)
error: failed to push some refs to 'github.com:MKAbuMattar/template-express-typescript-blueprint.git'
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

now we need to make sure that we can push to the remote repository, we forgot to add the build command to the .husky/pre-push file.

"scripts": {
    "build": "yarn build:compile && yarn build:types",
    ...,
}
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode 
╭─mkabumattar@mkabumattar in repo: template-express-typescript-blueprint on  main [⇡1] is v0.0.0 via  v18.4.0 took 2s
[🔴] × git push -u origin main
yarn run v1.22.18
$ yarn build:compile && yarn build:types
$ npx babel src --extensions .ts --out-dir build --source-maps
Successfully compiled 1 file with Babel (360ms).
$ tsc
Done in 2.63s.
Enumerating objects: 21, done.
Counting objects: 100% (21/21), done.
Delta compression using up to 4 threads
Compressing objects: 100% (16/16), done.
Writing objects: 100% (20/20), 79.42 KiB | 9.93 MiB/s, done.
Total 20 (delta 1), reused 0 (delta 0), pack-reused 0
remote: Resolving deltas: 100% (1/1), done.
To github.com:MKAbuMattar/template-express-typescript-blueprint.git
1583ab9..7fbc14f  main -> main
branch 'main' set up to track 'origin/main'.
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

Create somple setup express, typescript and babel application

Create a file structure like this:

├── src
│   ├── index.ts
│   └── bin
│       └── www.ts      
├────── constants
│       └── api.constant.ts
│       └── http.code.constant.ts
│       └── http.reason.constant.ts
│       └── message.constant.ts
├────── interfaces
│       └── controller.interface.ts
├────── middlewares
│       └── error.middleware.ts
├────── utils
│       └── logger.util.ts
│       └── exceptions
│           └── http.exception.ts
├── .babelrc
├── .eslintignore
├── .eslintrc
├── .gitattributes
├── .gitignore
├── .npmrc
├── .nvmrc
├── .prettierignore
├── .prettierrc
├── commitlint.config.js
├── package.json
├── README.md
├── tsconfig.json
├── yarn.lock
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

start to add express and typescript dependencies:

yarn add express
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode 
yarn add -D @types/express
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

New we’ll add a new package:

  • compression: Your Node.js app’s main file contains middleware for compression. GZIP, which supports a variety of compression techniques, will then be enabled. Your JSON response and any static file replies will be smaller as a result. 
yarn add compression
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode
  • cookie-parser: Your Node.js app’s main file contains middleware for cookie-parser. This middleware will parse the cookies in the request and set them as properties of the request object. 
yarn add cookie-parser
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode
  • core-js: Your Node.js app’s main file contains middleware for core-js. This middleware will add the necessary polyfills to your application. 
yarn add core-js
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode
  • cors: Your Node.js app’s main file contains middleware for cors. This middleware will add the necessary headers to your application. 
yarn add cors
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode
  • helmet: Your Node.js app’s main file contains middleware for helmet. This middleware will add security headers to your application. 
yarn add helmet
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode
  • regenerator-runtime: Your Node.js app’s main file contains middleware for regenerator-runtime. This middleware will add the necessary polyfills to your application. 
yarn add regenerator-runtime
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

after that we need to add the type for the dependencies:

yarn add -D @types/compression @types/cookie-parser @types/core-js @types/cors @types/regenerator-runtime
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

now we'll start with create constants and we'll add new things after that:

api.constant.ts

class Api {
  public static readonly ROOT: string = '/'

  public static readonly API: string = '/api'
}
export default Api
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

http.code.constant.ts

class HttpCode {
  public static readonly CONTINUE: number = 100

  public static readonly SWITCHING_PROTOCOLS: number = 101

  public static readonly PROCESSING: number = 102

  public static readonly OK: number = 200

  public static readonly CREATED: number = 201

  public static readonly ACCEPTED: number = 202

  public static readonly NON_AUTHORITATIVE_INFORMATION: number = 203

  public static readonly NO_CONTENT: number = 204

  public static readonly RESET_CONTENT: number = 205

  public static readonly PARTIAL_CONTENT: number = 206

  public static readonly MULTI_STATUS: number = 207

  public static readonly ALREADY_REPORTED: number = 208

  public static readonly IM_USED: number = 226

  public static readonly MULTIPLE_CHOICES: number = 300

  public static readonly MOVED_PERMANENTLY: number = 301

  public static readonly MOVED_TEMPORARILY: number = 302

  public static readonly SEE_OTHER: number = 303

  public static readonly NOT_MODIFIED: number = 304

  public static readonly USE_PROXY: number = 305

  public static readonly SWITCH_PROXY: number = 306

  public static readonly TEMPORARY_REDIRECT: number = 307

  public static readonly BAD_REQUEST: number = 400

  public static readonly UNAUTHORIZED: number = 401

  public static readonly PAYMENT_REQUIRED: number = 402

  public static readonly FORBIDDEN: number = 403

  public static readonly NOT_FOUND: number = 404

  public static readonly METHOD_NOT_ALLOWED: number = 405

  public static readonly NOT_ACCEPTABLE: number = 406

  public static readonly PROXY_AUTHENTICATION_REQUIRED: number = 407

  public static readonly REQUEST_TIMEOUT: number = 408

  public static readonly CONFLICT: number = 409

  public static readonly GONE: number = 410

  public static readonly LENGTH_REQUIRED: number = 411

  public static readonly PRECONDITION_FAILED: number = 412

  public static readonly PAYLOAD_TOO_LARGE: number = 413

  public static readonly REQUEST_URI_TOO_LONG: number = 414

  public static readonly UNSUPPORTED_MEDIA_TYPE: number = 415

  public static readonly REQUESTED_RANGE_NOT_SATISFIABLE: number = 416

  public static readonly EXPECTATION_FAILED: number = 417

  public static readonly IM_A_TEAPOT: number = 418

  public static readonly METHOD_FAILURE: number = 420

  public static readonly MISDIRECTED_REQUEST: number = 421

  public static readonly UNPROCESSABLE_ENTITY: number = 422

  public static readonly LOCKED: number = 423

  public static readonly FAILED_DEPENDENCY: number = 424

  public static readonly UPGRADE_REQUIRED: number = 426

  public static readonly PRECONDITION_REQUIRED: number = 428

  public static readonly TOO_MANY_REQUESTS: number = 429

  public static readonly REQUEST_HEADER_FIELDS_TOO_LARGE: number = 431

  public static readonly UNAVAILABLE_FOR_LEGAL_REASONS: number = 451

  public static readonly INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR: number = 500

  public static readonly NOT_IMPLEMENTED: number = 501

  public static readonly BAD_GATEWAY: number = 502

  public static readonly SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE: number = 503

  public static readonly GATEWAY_TIMEOUT: number = 504

  public static readonly HTTP_VERSION_NOT_SUPPORTED: number = 505

  public static readonly VARIANT_ALSO_NEGOTIATES: number = 506

  public static readonly INSUFFICIENT_STORAGE: number = 507

  public static readonly LOOP_DETECTED: number = 508

  public static readonly NOT_EXTENDED: number = 510

  public static readonly NETWORK_AUTHENTICATION_REQUIRED: number = 511

  public static readonly NETWORK_CONNECT_TIMEOUT_ERROR: number = 599
}

export default HttpCode
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

http.reason.constant.ts

class HttpReason {
  public static readonly CONTINUE: string = 'Continue'

  public static readonly SWITCHING_PROTOCOLS: string = 'Switching Protocols'

  public static readonly PROCESSING: string = 'Processing'

  public static readonly OK: string = 'OK'

  public static readonly CREATED: string = 'Created'

  public static readonly ACCEPTED: string = 'Accepted'

  public static readonly NON_AUTHORITATIVE_INFORMATION: string =
    'Non-Authoritative Information'

  public static readonly NO_CONTENT: string = 'No Content'

  public static readonly RESET_CONTENT: string = 'Reset Content'

  public static readonly PARTIAL_CONTENT: string = 'Partial Content'

  public static readonly MULTI_STATUS: string = 'Multi-Status'

  public static readonly ALREADY_REPORTED: string = 'Already Reported'

  public static readonly IM_USED: string = 'IM Used'

  public static readonly MULTIPLE_CHOICES: string = 'Multiple Choices'

  public static readonly MOVED_PERMANENTLY: string = 'Moved Permanently'

  public static readonly MOVED_TEMPORARILY: string = 'Moved Temporarily'

  public static readonly SEE_OTHER: string = 'See Other'

  public static readonly NOT_MODIFIED: string = 'Not Modified'

  public static readonly USE_PROXY: string = 'Use Proxy'

  public static readonly SWITCH_PROXY: string = 'Switch Proxy'

  public static readonly TEMPORARY_REDIRECT: string = 'Temporary Redirect'

  public static readonly BAD_REQUEST: string = 'Bad Request'

  public static readonly UNAUTHORIZED: string = 'Unauthorized'

  public static readonly PAYMENT_REQUIRED: string = 'Payment Required'

  public static readonly FORBIDDEN: string = 'Forbidden'

  public static readonly NOT_FOUND: string = 'Not Found'

  public static readonly METHOD_NOT_ALLOWED: string = 'Method Not Allowed'

  public static readonly NOT_ACCEPTABLE: string = 'Not Acceptable'

  public static readonly PROXY_AUTHENTICATION_REQUIRED: string =
    'Proxy Authentication Required'

  public static readonly REQUEST_TIMEOUT: string = 'Request Timeout'

  public static readonly CONFLICT: string = 'Conflict'

  public static readonly GONE: string = 'Gone'

  public static readonly LENGTH_REQUIRED: string = 'Length Required'

  public static readonly PRECONDITION_FAILED: string = 'Precondition Failed'

  public static readonly PAYLOAD_TOO_LARGE: string = 'Payload Too Large'

  public static readonly REQUEST_URI_TOO_LONG: string = 'Request URI Too Long'

  public static readonly UNSUPPORTED_MEDIA_TYPE: string =
    'Unsupported Media Type'

  public static readonly REQUESTED_RANGE_NOT_SATISFIABLE: string =
    'Requested Range Not Satisfiable'

  public static readonly EXPECTATION_FAILED: string = 'Expectation Failed'

  public static readonly IM_A_TEAPOT: string = "I'm a teapot"

  public static readonly METHOD_FAILURE: string = 'Method Failure'

  public static readonly MISDIRECTED_REQUEST: string = 'Misdirected Request'

  public static readonly UNPROCESSABLE_ENTITY: string = 'Unprocessable Entity'

  public static readonly LOCKED: string = 'Locked'

  public static readonly FAILED_DEPENDENCY: string = 'Failed Dependency'

  public static readonly UPGRADE_REQUIRED: string = 'Upgrade Required'

  public static readonly PRECONDITION_REQUIRED: string = 'Precondition Required'

  public static readonly TOO_MANY_REQUESTS: string = 'Too Many Requests'

  public static readonly REQUEST_HEADER_FIELDS_TOO_LARGE: string =
    'Request Header Fields Too Large'

  public static readonly UNAVAILABLE_FOR_LEGAL_REASONS: string =
    'Unavailable For Legal Reasons'

  public static readonly INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR: string = 'Internal Server Error'

  public static readonly NOT_IMPLEMENTED: string = 'Not Implemented'

  public static readonly BAD_GATEWAY: string = 'Bad Gateway'

  public static readonly SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE: string = 'Service Unavailable'

  public static readonly GATEWAY_TIMEOUT: string = 'Gateway Timeout'

  public static readonly HTTP_VERSION_NOT_SUPPORTED: string =
    'HTTP Version Not Supported'

  public static readonly VARIANT_ALSO_NEGOTIATES: string =
    'Variant Also Negotiates'

  public static readonly INSUFFICIENT_STORAGE: string = 'Insufficient Storage'

  public static readonly LOOP_DETECTED: string = 'Loop Detected'

  public static readonly NOT_EXTENDED: string = 'Not Extended'

  public static readonly NETWORK_AUTHENTICATION_REQUIRED: string =
    'Network Authentication Required'

  public static readonly NETWORK_CONNECT_TIMEOUT_ERROR: string =
    'Network Connect Timeout Error'
}

export default HttpReason
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

message.constant.ts

class Message {
  public static readonly API_WORKING: string = 'API is working'

  public static readonly SOMETHING_WENT_WRONG: string = 'Something went wrong'
}
export default Message
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

utils/exception/http.exception.ts

class HttpException extends Error {
  public statusCode: number

  public statusMsg: string

  public msg: string

  constructor(statusCode: number, statusMsg: string, msg: any) {
    super(msg)
    this.statusCode = statusCode
    this.statusMsg = statusMsg
    this.msg = msg
  }
}

export default HttpException
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

error.middleware.ts

import { Request, Response, NextFunction } from 'express'
import HttpException from '@/utils/exceptions/http.exception'

// http constant
import ConstantHttpCode from '@/constants/http.code.constant'
import ConstantHttpReason from '@/constants/http.reason.constant'

// message constant
import ConstantMessage from '@/constants/message.constant'

const errorMiddleware = (
  error: HttpException,
  _req: Request,
  res: Response,
  next: NextFunction,
): Response | void => {
  try {
    const statusCode =
      error.statusCode || ConstantHttpCode.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR
    const statusMsg =
      error.statusMsg || ConstantHttpReason.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR
    const msg = error.msg || ConstantMessage.SOMETHING_WENT_WRONG

    return res.status(statusCode).send({
      status: {
        code: statusCode,
        msg: statusMsg,
      },
      msg: msg,
    })
  } catch (err) {
    return next(err)
  }
}

export default errorMiddleware
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

controller.interface.ts

import { Router } from 'express'

interface Controller {
  path: string
  router: Router
}

export default Controller
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

index.ts

import express, { Application, Request, Response, NextFunction } from 'express'

import compression from 'compression'
import cookieParser from 'cookie-parser'
import cors from 'cors'
import helmet from 'helmet'

import ErrorMiddleware from './middlewares/error.middleware'
import HttpException from './utils/exceptions/http.exception'
import Controller from './interfaces/controller.interface'

// api constant
import ConstantAPI from './constants/api.constant'

// message constant
import ConstantMessage from './constants/message.constant'

// http constant
import ConstantHttpCode from './constants/http.code.constant'
import ConstantHttpReason from './constants/http.reason.constant'

class App {
  public app: Application

  constructor(controllers: Controller[]) {
    this.app = express()

    this.initialiseConfig()
    this.initialiseRoutes()
    this.initialiseControllers(controllers)
    this.initialiseErrorHandling()
  }

  private initialiseConfig(): void {
    this.app.use(express.json())
    this.app.use(express.urlencoded({ extended: true }))
    this.app.use(cookieParser())
    this.app.use(compression())
    this.app.use(cors())
    this.app.use(helmet())
  }

  private initialiseRoutes(): void {
    this.app.get(
      ConstantAPI.ROOT,
      (_req: Request, res: Response, next: NextFunction) => {
        try {
          return res.status(ConstantHttpCode.OK).json({
            status: {
              code: ConstantHttpCode.OK,
              msg: ConstantHttpReason.OK,
            },
            msg: ConstantMessage.API_WORKING,
          })
        } catch (err: any) {
          return next(
            new HttpException(
              ConstantHttpCode.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR,
              ConstantHttpReason.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR,
              err.message,
            ),
          )
        }
      },
    )
  }

  private initialiseControllers(controllers: Controller[]): void {
    controllers.forEach((controller: Controller) => {
      this.app.use(ConstantAPI.API, controller.router)
    })
  }

  private initialiseErrorHandling(): void {
    this.app.use(ErrorMiddleware)
  }
}

export default App
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

www.ts

#!/usr/bin/env ts-node

import 'core-js/stable'
import 'regenerator-runtime/runtime'

import http from 'http'
import App from '..'

// controllers

const { app } = new App([])

/**
 * Normalize a port into a number, string, or false.
 */
const normalizePort = (val: any) => {
  const port = parseInt(val, 10)

  if (Number.isNaN(port)) {
    // named pipe
    return val
  }

  if (port >= 0) {
    // port number
    return port
  }

  return false
}

const port = normalizePort('3030')
app.set('port', port)

/**
 * Create HTTP server.
 */
const server = http.createServer(app)

/**
 * Event listener for HTTP server "error" event.
 */
const onError = (error: any) => {
  if (error.syscall !== 'listen') {
    throw error
  }

  const bind = typeof port === 'string' ? `Pipe ${port}` : `Port ${port}`

  // handle specific listen errors with friendly messages
  switch (error.code) {
    case 'EACCES':
      console.error(`${bind} requires elevated privileges`)
      process.exit(1)
      break
    case 'EADDRINUSE':
      console.error(`${bind} is already in use`)
      process.exit(1)
      break
    default:
      throw error
  }
}

/**
 * Event listener for HTTP server "listening" event.
 */
const onListening = () => {
  const addr = server.address()
  const bind = typeof addr === 'string' ? `pipe ${addr}` : `port ${addr?.port}`
  console.info(`Listening on ${bind}`)
}

server.listen(port)
server.on('error', onError)
server.on('listening', onListening)
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

To run the app, and start tarcking the server, with the changes, we need to add new dependency.

Concurrently: is a tool to run multiple tasks at the same time.

yarn add -D concurrently
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

Then, we'll add the following command to scripts section of package.json:

"scripts": {
  "start": "node build/bin/www.js",
  "clean": "rm -rf build",
  "build": "yarn clean && concurrently yarn:build:*",
  "build:compile": "npx babel src --extensions .ts --out-dir build --source-maps",
  "build:types": "tsc",
  "dev": "concurrently yarn:dev:* --kill-others \"nodemon --exec node build/bin/www.js\"",
  "dev:compile": "npx babel src --extensions .ts --out-dir build --source-maps --watch",
  "dev:types": "tsc --watch",
  ...,
}
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

New you can run the application with yarn start or yarn dev, and you can also run the application with yarn build to create a production version.

yarn dev

yarn start

yarn build
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

Summary

Finally, after compilation, we can now need to deploy the compiled version in the NodeJS production server.

All code from this tutorial as a complete package is available in this repository.

Top comments (0)

Read next

pengeszikra profile image

JSDoc Evangelism

Peter Vivo -

invezza profile image

New release of Node.js v22.9.0💚

Invezza -

thinkthroo profile image

Stop saying “you forgot to …” in code review

thinkThroo -

anticoder03 profile image

🛠️ Node.js Best Practices for Writing Clean and Scalable Code 🚀

Ashish prajapati -