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nabbisen
nabbisen

Posted on • Updated on • Originally published at obsd.solutions

PostgreSQL 14.5 on OpenBSD 7.2: Install

Summary

In OpenBSD 7.2 release, PostgreSQL was updated to 14.5.
This post shows how to install it on the latest OpenBSD.

Environment

  • OS: OpenBSD 7.2
  • Database: PostgreSQL 14.5

Overview

Each step is described later.

$ doas pkg_add postgresql-server

$ doas su - _postgresql

$ # --locale below is optional
$ # the password of "postgres" below, the superuser, will be asked 
$ initdb -D /var/postgresql/data -U postgres \
      -W -A scram-sha-256 -E UTF-8 --locale=xx_XX.UTF-8

$ exit

$ doas rcctl enable postgresql
$ doas rcctl start postgresql
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Tutorial

The one-by-one steps are as follows.

1. Install PostgreSQL Server

Get the package to be installed from ports system:

$ doas pkg_add postgresql-server
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The output was:

quirks-6.42 signed on 2022-10-30T18:56:25Z
postgresql-server-14.5:postgresql-client-14.5: ok
useradd: Warning: home directory `/var/postgresql' doesn't exist, and -m was not specified
postgresql-server-14.5: ok
The following new rcscripts were installed: /etc/rc.d/postgresql
See rcctl(8) for details.
New and changed readme(s):
    /usr/local/share/doc/pkg-readmes/postgresql-server
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2. Init database

In order to avoid permissions error, switch user to _postgresql which was created above:

$ doas su - _postgresql
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Run init_db to create a database cluster.
Well, /var/postgresql directory will be created automatically:

$ initdb -D /var/postgresql/data -U postgres \
      -W -A scram-sha-256 -E UTF-8 --locale=xx_XX.UTF-8
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-U postgres (= --user=...) above is the superuser's name.

The output started with:

The files belonging to this database system will be owned by user "_postgresql".
This user must also own the server process.

The database cluster will be initialized with locale "ja_JP.UTF-8".
initdb: could not find suitable text search configuration for locale "ja_JP.UTF-8"
The default text search configuration will be set to "simple".

Data page checksums are disabled.
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Then, when -W (= --pwprompt) is set, password will be asked. -W and -A scram-sha-256 (= --auth=...) are for the sake of security.

As a reference, the documentation (/usr/local/share/doc/pkg-readmes/postgresql-server) says:

It is strongly advised that you do not work with the postgres dba account
other than creating more users and/or databases or for administrative tasks.
Use the PostgreSQL permission system to make sure that a database is only
accessed by programs/users that have the right to do so.

Well, --locale=... is optional for one but en_US.UTF-8.

Enter the password:

Enter new superuser password: 
Enter it again: 
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The rest was:

fixing permissions on existing directory /var/postgresql/data ... ok
creating subdirectories ... ok
selecting dynamic shared memory implementation ... posix
selecting default max_connections ... 20
selecting default shared_buffers ... 128MB
selecting default time zone ... Asia/Tokyo
creating configuration files ... ok
running bootstrap script ... ok
performing post-bootstrap initialization ... ok
syncing data to disk ... ok

Success. You can now start the database server using:

    pg_ctl -D /var/postgresql/data -l logfile start

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Yay, successful. Let's exit from _postgersql user:

$ exit
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3. Start PostgreSQL server

Activate the daemon and start it:

$ doas rcctl enable postgresql
$ doas rcctl start postgresql
postgresql(ok)
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4. Work with the server

The postgresql server daemon is now activated and started. It works as RDBMS and listens to requests from clients.

The configuration files such as postgresql.conf and pg_hba.conf were generated automatically, and also psql was installed.

Configuration files

They are useful to configure the server.

psql

It is used as a terminal-based front-end to PostgreSQL. By using the password asked above, it's able to connect to the server:

$ psql -U postgres
Password for user postgres:
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You will be welcomed :)

psql (14.5)
Type "help" for help.

postgres=#
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Reference

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