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Youssef Zidan
Youssef Zidan

Posted on • Edited on

Getting Started with React Formik & Yup

#react #formik #validation #javascript

Table of Contents

What is Formik?

Formik is a library that helps developers do deal with Forms in React and React Native.

As developers we need to:

  • Handle form data
  • Validation
  • Visual feedback with errors messages
  • Form submission

With Formik, we can do all that in an easy, scalable, and performant way.

Installation 

npm i --save formik
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Formik Hook

Creating a Login Form with:

  • Email
  • Password
  • Remember me 
import React from "react";

/**
 * LoginForm Component
 */
const LoginForm = () => {
  return (
    <form>
      <div style={{ padding: 20 }}>
        <label htmlFor="email" style={{ display: "block" }}>
          email
        </label>
        <input type="email" id="email" />

        <label htmlFor="password" style={{ display: "block" }}>
          password
        </label>
        <input type="password" id="password" />

        <label htmlFor="rememberMe" style={{ display: "block" }}>
          remember me
        </label>
        <input type="checkbox" id="rememberMe" />

        <button style={{ display: "block" }}>submit</button>
      </div>
    </form>
  );
};
export default LoginForm;
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Injecting Formik

  • Import useFormik hook and add initialValues property with each input name.
  • Add a name attritbute to each input element corresponding to initialValues key names.
  • Add formik.values[name] to value attribute on each input element.
    • For checkboxes add defaultChecked={formik.values[name]} for initial value.
  • Add formik.handleChange to onChange attribute on each input element.
  • Print the formik object inside <pre> tag.
  • Fill in all input elements and see the changes on formik object. 
import React from "react";
import { useFormik } from "formik";

/**
 * LoginForm Component
 */
const LoginForm = () => {
  const formik = useFormik({
    initialValues: {
      email: "",
      password: "",
      rememberMe: false,
    },
  });
  return (
    <form>
      <div style={{ padding: 20 }}>
        <label htmlFor="email" style={{ display: "block" }}>
          email
        </label>
        <input
          type="email"
          id="email"
          name="email"
          value={formik.values.email}
          onChange={formik.handleChange}
        />

        <label htmlFor="password" style={{ display: "block" }}>
          password
        </label>
        <input
          type="password"
          id="password"
          name="password"
          value={formik.values.password}
          onChange={formik.handleChange}
        />

        <label htmlFor="rememberMe" style={{ display: "block" }}>
          remember me
        </label>
        <input
          type="checkbox"
          name="rememberMe"
          id="rememberMe"
          onChange={formik.handleChange}
          defaultChecked={formik.values.rememberMe}
        />

        <button style={{ display: "block" }}>submit</button>
      </div>
      <pre>{JSON.stringify(formik, null, 4)}</pre>
    </form>
  );
};
export default LoginForm;
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Handling Form Submission

  • Add formik.handleSubmit to onSubmit attribute on the form element.
  • Add onSubmit as a second property on the object inside useFormik hook.
  • log the values passed to onSubmit function. 
import React from "react";
import { useFormik } from "formik";

/**
 * LoginForm Component
 */
const LoginForm = () => {
  const formik = useFormik({
    initialValues: {
      email: "",
      password: "",
      rememberMe: false,
    },
    onSubmit: (values) => console.log(JSON.stringify(values, null, 4)),
  });
  return (
    <form onSubmit={formik.handleSubmit}>
      <div style={{ padding: 20 }}>
        <label htmlFor="email" style={{ display: "block" }}>
          email
        </label>
        <input
          type="email"
          id="email"
          name="email"
          value={formik.values.email}
          onChange={formik.handleChange}
        />

        <label htmlFor="password" style={{ display: "block" }}>
          password
        </label>
        <input
          type="password"
          id="password"
          name="password"
          value={formik.values.password}
          onChange={formik.handleChange}
        />

        <label htmlFor="rememberMe" style={{ display: "block" }}>
          remember me
        </label>
        <input
          type="checkbox"
          name="rememberMe"
          id="rememberMe"
          onChange={formik.handleChange}
          defaultChecked={formik.values.rememberMe}
        />

        <button style={{ display: "block" }}>submit</button>
      </div>
      <pre>{JSON.stringify(formik, null, 4)}</pre>
    </form>
  );
};
export default LoginForm;
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Handling Form Validation with Yup 

npm install yup --save
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  • Import Yup import * as yup from "yup"
  • Create validationSchema property on the object inside useFormik hook.
  • Submit the form with no values and see the errors object inside the printed formik object. 
import React from "react";
import { useFormik } from "formik";
import * as yup from "yup";

/**
 * LoginForm Component
 */
const LoginForm = () => {
  const formik = useFormik({
    initialValues: {
      email: "",
      password: "",
      rememberMe: false,
    },
    onSubmit: (values) => console.log(JSON.stringify(values, null, 4)),
    validationSchema: yup.object({
      email: yup.string().email().required(),
      password: yup.string().required(),
    }),
  });
  return (
    <form onSubmit={formik.handleSubmit}>
      <div style={{ padding: 20 }}>
        <label htmlFor="email" style={{ display: "block" }}>
          email
        </label>
        <input
          type="email"
          id="email"
          name="email"
          value={formik.values.email}
          onChange={formik.handleChange}
        />

        <label htmlFor="password" style={{ display: "block" }}>
          password
        </label>
        <input
          type="password"
          id="password"
          name="password"
          value={formik.values.password}
          onChange={formik.handleChange}
        />

        <label htmlFor="rememberMe" style={{ display: "block" }}>
          remember me
        </label>
        <input
          type="checkbox"
          name="rememberMe"
          id="rememberMe"
          onChange={formik.handleChange}
          defaultChecked={formik.values.rememberMe}
        />

        <button style={{ display: "block" }}>submit</button>
      </div>
      <pre>{JSON.stringify(formik, null, 4)}</pre>
    </form>
  );
};
export default LoginForm;
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Displaying Error Messages

  • Create a <div> tag and check for formik.errors[name] to display the error message beneath each element that has a validation. 
import React from "react";
import { useFormik } from "formik";
import * as yup from "yup";

/**
 * LoginForm Component
 */
const LoginForm = () => {
  const formik = useFormik({
    initialValues: {
      email: "",
      password: "",
      rememberMe: false,
    },
    onSubmit: (values) => console.log(JSON.stringify(values, null, 4)),
    validationSchema: yup.object({
      email: yup.string().email().required(),
      password: yup.string().required(),
    }),
  });
  return (
    <form onSubmit={formik.handleSubmit}>
      <div style={{ padding: 20 }}>
        <label htmlFor="email" style={{ display: "block" }}>
          email
        </label>
        <input
          type="email"
          id="email"
          name="email"
          value={formik.values.email}
          onChange={formik.handleChange}
        />
        {formik.errors.email && (
          <div style={{ color: "red" }}>{formik.errors.email}</div>
        )}

        <label htmlFor="password" style={{ display: "block" }}>
          password
        </label>
        <input
          type="password"
          id="password"
          name="password"
          value={formik.values.password}
          onChange={formik.handleChange}
        />
        {formik.errors.password && (
          <div style={{ color: "red" }}>{formik.errors.password}</div>
        )}

        <label htmlFor="rememberMe" style={{ display: "block" }}>
          remember me
        </label>
        <input
          type="checkbox"
          name="rememberMe"
          id="rememberMe"
          onChange={formik.handleChange}
          defaultChecked={formik.values.rememberMe}
        />

        <button style={{ display: "block" }}>submit</button>
      </div>
      <pre>{JSON.stringify(formik, null, 4)}</pre>
    </form>
  );
};
export default LoginForm;
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Displaying Error Messages On Visited Fields

  • Add formik.handleBlur with onBlur attribute with all input elements.
  • Visit each input element and see the touched object inside the printed formik object.
  • Add formik.touched[name] before formik.errors[name] with the error tag element. 
import React from "react";
import { useFormik } from "formik";
import * as yup from "yup";

/**
 * LoginForm Component
 */
const LoginForm = () => {
  const formik = useFormik({
    initialValues: {
      email: "",
      password: "",
      rememberMe: false,
    },
    onSubmit: (values) => console.log(JSON.stringify(values, null, 4)),
    validationSchema: yup.object({
      email: yup.string().email().required(),
      password: yup.string().required(),
    }),
  });
  return (
    <form onSubmit={formik.handleSubmit}>
      <div style={{ padding: 20 }}>
        <label htmlFor="email" style={{ display: "block" }}>
          email
        </label>
        <input
          type="email"
          id="email"
          name="email"
          value={formik.values.email}
          onChange={formik.handleChange}
          onBlur={formik.handleBlur}
        />
        {formik.touched.email && formik.errors.email && (
          <div style={{ color: "red" }}>{formik.errors.email}</div>
        )}

        <label htmlFor="password" style={{ display: "block" }}>
          password
        </label>
        <input
          type="password"
          id="password"
          name="password"
          value={formik.values.password}
          onChange={formik.handleChange}
          onBlur={formik.handleBlur}
        />
        {formik.touched.password && formik.errors.password && (
          <div style={{ color: "red" }}>{formik.errors.password}</div>
        )}

        <label htmlFor="rememberMe" style={{ display: "block" }}>
          remember me
        </label>
        <input
          type="checkbox"
          name="rememberMe"
          id="rememberMe"
          onChange={formik.handleChange}
          onBlur={formik.handleBlur}
          defaultChecked={formik.values.rememberMe}
        />

        <button style={{ display: "block" }}>submit</button>
      </div>
      <pre>{JSON.stringify(formik, null, 4)}</pre>
    </form>
  );
};
export default LoginForm;
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Custom Validation Messeges

You can pass a custom validation message on each field as a string argument of the yup validation function.

import React from "react";
import { useFormik } from "formik";
import * as yup from "yup";

/**
 * LoginForm Component
 */
const LoginForm = () => {
  const formik = useFormik({
    initialValues: {
      email: "",
      password: "",
      rememberMe: false,
    },
    onSubmit: (values) => console.log(JSON.stringify(values, null, 4)),
    validationSchema: yup.object({
      email: yup
        .string()
        .email("Please enter a valid email address")
        .required("Email field is required"),
      password: yup.string().required("Password field is required"),
    }),
  });
  return (
    <form onSubmit={formik.handleSubmit}>
      <div style={{ padding: 20 }}>
        <label htmlFor="email" style={{ display: "block" }}>
          email
        </label>
        <input
          type="email"
          id="email"
          name="email"
          value={formik.values.email}
          onChange={formik.handleChange}
          onBlur={formik.handleBlur}
        />
        {formik.touched.email && formik.errors.email && (
          <div style={{ color: "red" }}>{formik.errors.email}</div>
        )}

        <label htmlFor="password" style={{ display: "block" }}>
          password
        </label>
        <input
          type="password"
          id="password"
          name="password"
          value={formik.values.password}
          onChange={formik.handleChange}
          onBlur={formik.handleBlur}
        />
        {formik.touched.password && formik.errors.password && (
          <div style={{ color: "red" }}>{formik.errors.password}</div>
        )}

        <label htmlFor="rememberMe" style={{ display: "block" }}>
          remember me
        </label>
        <input
          type="checkbox"
          name="rememberMe"
          id="rememberMe"
          onChange={formik.handleChange}
          onBlur={formik.handleBlur}
          defaultChecked={formik.values.rememberMe}
        />

        <button style={{ display: "block" }}>submit</button>
      </div>
      <pre>{JSON.stringify(formik, null, 4)}</pre>
    </form>
  );
};
export default LoginForm;
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Code Refactor

Let us make our code more organized and decrease the lines of code by doing the following:

  • Substitute 
value={formik.values[name]}
onChange={formik.handleChange}
onBlur={formik.handleBlur}
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with

{...formik.getFieldProps(name)}
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  • Separate initialValues, onSubmit, and validationSchema 
import React from "react";
import { useFormik } from "formik";
import * as yup from "yup";

/**
 * LoginForm Component
 */
const LoginForm = () => {
  const initialValues = {
    email: "",
    password: "",
    rememberMe: false,
  };
  const onSubmit = (values) => console.log(JSON.stringify(values, null, 4));
  const validationSchema = yup.object({
    email: yup
      .string()
      .email("Please enter a valid email address")
      .required("Email field is required"),
    password: yup.string().required("Password field is required"),
  });

  const formik = useFormik({
    initialValues,
    onSubmit,
    validationSchema,
  });
  return (
    <form onSubmit={formik.handleSubmit}>
      <div style={{ padding: 20 }}>
        <label htmlFor="email" style={{ display: "block" }}>
          email
        </label>
        <input
          type="email"
          id="email"
          name="email"
          {...formik.getFieldProps("email")}
        />
        {formik.touched.email && formik.errors.email && (
          <div style={{ color: "red" }}>{formik.errors.email}</div>
        )}

        <label htmlFor="password" style={{ display: "block" }}>
          password
        </label>
        <input
          type="password"
          id="password"
          name="password"
          {...formik.getFieldProps("password")}
        />
        {formik.touched.password && formik.errors.password && (
          <div style={{ color: "red" }}>{formik.errors.password}</div>
        )}

        <label htmlFor="rememberMe" style={{ display: "block" }}>
          remember me
        </label>
        <input
          type="checkbox"
          name="rememberMe"
          id="rememberMe"
          defaultChecked={formik.values.rememberMe}
          {...formik.getFieldProps("rememberMe")}
        />

        <button style={{ display: "block" }}>submit</button>
      </div>
      <pre>{JSON.stringify(formik, null, 4)}</pre>
    </form>
  );
};
export default LoginForm;
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Top comments (4)

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mdmohsinghazi1 profile image
MD Mohsin Ghazi •

Hello, I have created multi-step form. In that There are 3 step submit button appere in 3rd step but in 2nd step on click next button it submit

here is link of code
github.com/MDMohsinGhazi/multi-ste...

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talorlanczyk profile image
TalOrlanczyk •

Instead of written formilk.something
Try to destruct it it will make the code much cleaner

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quocbahuynh profile image
quocbahuynh •

Thank you!!!

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akash_babutammali_bb55eb profile image
Akash Babu Tammali •

Really a good article covering the usage of formik and yup.

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