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Devanshu Biswas

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Spring vs Tween, and 3 More: I Built a Framer Motion Playground With the Code Beside Each Demo

Spring vs Tween, and 3 More: I Built a Framer Motion Playground With the Code Beside Each Demo

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2 min read
I Built a Regex Visualizer: Live Matches, Capture Groups, and a Plain-English Breakdown

I Built a Regex Visualizer: Live Matches, Capture Groups, and a Plain-English Breakdown

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2 min read
Stop calling a service that's already down: circuit breakers with Resilience4j

Stop calling a service that's already down: circuit breakers with Resilience4j

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4 min read
LoRA: Fine-Tune a Giant Model by Training 1% of It

LoRA: Fine-Tune a Giant Model by Training 1% of It

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4 min read
Seq2Seq and Encoder-Decoder: the one-vector bottleneck that led to attention

Seq2Seq and Encoder-Decoder: the one-vector bottleneck that led to attention

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4 min read
UMAP: a faster map of high-dimensional data (and how it beats t-SNE)

UMAP: a faster map of high-dimensional data (and how it beats t-SNE)

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4 min read
Base64, done properly: the UTF-8 gotcha most tutorials skip

Base64, done properly: the UTF-8 gotcha most tutorials skip

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4 min read
Plan-and-Solve: make the model plan the steps before it computes any of them

Plan-and-Solve: make the model plan the steps before it computes any of them

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4 min read
The dropdown menu that everyone builds wrong

The dropdown menu that everyone builds wrong

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4 min read
Lights Out is secretly linear algebra: building the toggle-grid puzzle

Lights Out is secretly linear algebra: building the toggle-grid puzzle

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4 min read
Knowledge Distillation: Fit a Big Model's Smarts Into a Small One

Knowledge Distillation: Fit a Big Model's Smarts Into a Small One

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3 min read
One client shouldn't be able to drown your API: rate limiting with Bucket4j and Redis

One client shouldn't be able to drown your API: rate limiting with Bucket4j and Redis

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4 min read
Word2Vec from scratch: how "king man + woman queen" actually works

Word2Vec from scratch: how "king man + woman queen" actually works

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4 min read
t-SNE from scratch: how a 6-dimensional blob untangles itself into a 2D map

t-SNE from scratch: how a 6-dimensional blob untangles itself into a 2D map

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4 min read
One Colour, Three Spellings: HEX, RGB and HSL (and How to Convert Between Them)

One Colour, Three Spellings: HEX, RGB and HSL (and How to Convert Between Them)

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4 min read
ReWOO: plan every tool call up front, then call the model only twice

ReWOO: plan every tool call up front, then call the model only twice

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4 min read
Building an accessible autocomplete from scratch (no library)

Building an accessible autocomplete from scratch (no library)

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3 min read
I built Sokoban in ~90 lines, and the whole game is one rule: you can push, never pull

I built Sokoban in ~90 lines, and the whole game is one rule: you can push, never pull

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4 min read
react-hook-form + zod: I Built a Playground That Shows the Render Count and the Schema-Derived Types

react-hook-form + zod: I Built a Playground That Shows the Render Count and the Schema-Derived Types

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2 min read
I Built a Load Balancer Lab: Round-Robin vs Least-Connections vs IP-Hash, Live

I Built a Load Balancer Lab: Round-Robin vs Least-Connections vs IP-Hash, Live

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2 min read
Caching That Survives Real Traffic: TTL Jitter and Single-Flight in Spring Boot

Caching That Survives Real Traffic: TTL Jitter and Single-Flight in Spring Boot

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2 min read
Why Your LLM Doesn't Re-Read the Prompt: The KV-Cache

Why Your LLM Doesn't Re-Read the Prompt: The KV-Cache

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2 min read
One "+x" That Made 100-Layer Networks Trainable: ResNet Skip Connections

One "+x" That Made 100-Layer Networks Trainable: ResNet Skip Connections

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2 min read
Gaussian Mixture Models: Soft Clustering with the EM Algorithm

Gaussian Mixture Models: Soft Clustering with the EM Algorithm

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2 min read
The Unix Timestamp, Demystified (and the 1000 Bug That Bites Everyone)

The Unix Timestamp, Demystified (and the 1000 Bug That Bites Everyone)

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2 min read
Skeleton of Thought: Make an LLM Answer 2–3 Faster

Skeleton of Thought: Make an LLM Answer 2–3 Faster

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2 min read
The Tooltip Problem: A Little Box That Never Falls Off Screen

The Tooltip Problem: A Little Box That Never Falls Off Screen

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2 min read
I Built a Tic-Tac-Toe AI That Literally Cannot Lose

I Built a Tic-Tac-Toe AI That Literally Cannot Lose

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2 min read
Same request. Same answer. One is ~120ms, the other is ~2ms. The only difference is whether it came from Postgres or from Redis.

Same request. Same answer. One is ~120ms, the other is ~2ms. The only difference is whether it came from Postgres or from Redis.

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5 min read
How to Make an LLM 2-3x Faster Without Changing a Single Word It Says

How to Make an LLM 2-3x Faster Without Changing a Single Word It Says

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4 min read
Your gradient dies on the way to layer 1 (and how to save it)

Your gradient dies on the way to layer 1 (and how to save it)

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4 min read
AdaBoost from Scratch: How a Pile of Dumb Rules Becomes a Smart Classifier

AdaBoost from Scratch: How a Pile of Dumb Rules Becomes a Smart Classifier

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5 min read
I finally understood cron expressions by building an explainer for them

I finally understood cron expressions by building an explainer for them

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5 min read
Graph of Thoughts: when a tree of reasoning isn't enough, let the branches merge

Graph of Thoughts: when a tree of reasoning isn't enough, let the branches merge

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4 min read
How I Render 100,000 Rows With Only ~20 DOM Nodes

How I Render 100,000 Rows With Only ~20 DOM Nodes

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4 min read
Four Rules, Infinite Worlds: Building Conway's Game of Life from Scratch

Four Rules, Infinite Worlds: Building Conway's Game of Life from Scratch

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5 min read
useState vs useReducer vs Zustand: I Built the Same Feature Three Ways (With Live Render Counts)

useState vs useReducer vs Zustand: I Built the Same Feature Three Ways (With Live Render Counts)

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2 min read
I Built a @Transactional Visualizer for Spring (Propagation + Isolation)

I Built a @Transactional Visualizer for Spring (Propagation + Isolation)

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2 min read
isLoading vs isFetching: I Built an Interactive Model of the React Query State Machine

isLoading vs isFetching: I Built an Interactive Model of the React Query State Machine

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2 min read
I Built a Cron Visualizer for Spring @Scheduled (6 Fields, Not 5)

I Built a Cron Visualizer for Spring @Scheduled (6 Fields, Not 5)

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2 min read
OrderHub Day 10: Self-Documenting API (Swagger) + a Production Docker Image

OrderHub Day 10: Self-Documenting API (Swagger) + a Production Docker Image

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1 min read
Quantization: How 70B Models Run on a Gaming GPU

Quantization: How 70B Models Run on a Gaming GPU

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1 min read
Dropout: Switch Off Neurons to Stop Overfitting

Dropout: Switch Off Neurons to Stop Overfitting

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1 min read
ROC & AUC: Why Accuracy Lies (and What to Use Instead)

ROC & AUC: Why Accuracy Lies (and What to Use Instead)

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1 min read
A JWT Decoder in the Browser — and Why the Payload Isn't Secret

A JWT Decoder in the Browser — and Why the Payload Isn't Secret

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1 min read
Reflexion: Make an AI Agent Learn From Its Own Mistakes

Reflexion: Make an AI Agent Learn From Its Own Mistakes

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1 min read
A Modal Dialog Done Right: Focus Trap, Esc, Scroll Lock

A Modal Dialog Done Right: Focus Trap, Esc, Scroll Lock

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1 min read
I Built Sudoku — Backtracking Solves AND Generates It

I Built Sudoku — Backtracking Solves AND Generates It

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1 min read
OrderHub Day 9: Integration Tests on Real Postgres With Testcontainers

OrderHub Day 9: Integration Tests on Real Postgres With Testcontainers

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1 min read
Mixture of Experts: Big Models, Cheap Inference

Mixture of Experts: Big Models, Cheap Inference

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2 min read
Batch Normalization: Why It Made Deep Nets Trainable

Batch Normalization: Why It Made Deep Nets Trainable

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1 min read
The Bias-Variance Tradeoff, Finally Visualized

The Bias-Variance Tradeoff, Finally Visualized

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1 min read
Generate SHA Hashes in the Browser With the Web Crypto API

Generate SHA Hashes in the Browser With the Web Crypto API

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1 min read
Self-Ask Prompting: Let the Model Interview Itself

Self-Ask Prompting: Let the Model Interview Itself

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1 min read
A Date Picker From Scratch — the Whole Calendar Is Two Lines

A Date Picker From Scratch — the Whole Calendar Is Two Lines

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1 min read
I Built the 15-Puzzle — and Why Half of All Shuffles Are Impossible

I Built the 15-Puzzle — and Why Half of All Shuffles Are Impossible

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1 min read
Context vs Prop Drilling: I Put the Re-render Blast Radius Side by Side

Context vs Prop Drilling: I Put the Re-render Blast Radius Side by Side

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2 min read
I Built a Searchable HTTP Status Reference With the Exact Spring Way to Return Each

I Built a Searchable HTTP Status Reference With the Exact Spring Way to Return Each

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2 min read
OrderHub Day 8: Testing With JUnit 5, Mockito & MockMvc (Spring Boot)

OrderHub Day 8: Testing With JUnit 5, Mockito & MockMvc (Spring Boot)

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1 min read
Prompt Injection: How It Works and How to Defend

Prompt Injection: How It Works and How to Defend

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1 min read
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